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Crichtonite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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00482540017271922399583.jpg
Crichtonite, etc.

La Lauzière massif, Savoie, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
06184740017271922412483.jpg
Crichtonite

Monte Cervandone area, Devero Alp, Baceno, Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province, Piedmont, Italy
05237840017271922458168.jpg
Crichtonite

Monte Cervandone area, Devero Alp, Baceno, Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province, Piedmont, Italy
03571410017864808471311.jpg
Crichtonite, etc.

La Lauzière massif, Savoie, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
06184740017271922412483.jpg
Crichtonite

Monte Cervandone area, Devero Alp, Baceno, Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province, Piedmont, Italy
05237840017271922458168.jpg
Crichtonite

Monte Cervandone area, Devero Alp, Baceno, Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province, Piedmont, Italy
00482540017271922399583.jpg
Crichtonite, etc.

La Lauzière massif, Savoie, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
06184740017271922412483.jpg
Crichtonite

Monte Cervandone area, Devero Alp, Baceno, Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province, Piedmont, Italy
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About CrichtoniteHide

07756890017271922492906.jpg
Sir Alexander A. Crichton
Formula:
Sr(Mn,Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH)38
Colour:
Black
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
5 - 6
Specific Gravity:
4.46
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Name:
Originally discovered by Count J. L. de Bournon in 1788. He published the name as craitonite 1813, in honor of Sir Alexander A. Crichton (2 December 1763, Newington, Edinburgh, Scotland - 4 June 1856), physician and mineral collector, who provided de Bournon with the specimens. The misspelling was an attempt to reproduce the pronunciation for French readers. In English text, the spelling crichtonite was used from the same time period. Full details of the name history and pronunciation are given by Hey, et al. 1969.
Sr analogue of senaite. Mn analogue of dessauite-(Y), davidite-(Ce), davidite-(La), mapiquiroite, UM2006-05-O:CaFeKMnNaREESrTiZr and UM2006-06-O:CaFeKMnNaREESrTiZr. SrFe-analogue of almeidaite and landauite.

Visually similar to ilmenite.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
1153
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1153:8

IMA Classification of CrichtoniteHide

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Sr(Mn2+,Y,U6+)Fe2+2(Ti4+,Fe3+,Cr3+,V5+)18(O,OH)38

Classification of CrichtoniteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):
4.CC.40

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
C : Metal: Oxygen = 2: 3,3: 5, and similar
C : With large and medium-sized cations
Dana 8th ed.:
8.5.1.3

8 : MULTIPLE OXIDES CONTAINING NIOBIUM,TANTALUM OR TITANIUM
5 : AB21O38
Hey's CIM Ref.:
7.9.9

7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
9 : Oxides of Ti

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
CicIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of CrichtoniteHide

Lustre:
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Black
Streak:
Dark grey
Hardness:
5 - 6 on Mohs scale
Density:
4.46(4) g/cm3 (Measured)    4.55 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Chemistry of CrichtoniteHide

Mindat Formula:
Sr(Mn,Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH)38
Element Weights:
Element% weight
Ti49.982 %
O35.269 %
Fe6.479 %
Sr5.083 %
Mn3.187 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
Elements listed:
Cr, Fe, H, Mn, O, Sr, Ti, U, V, Y - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of CrichtoniteHide

Crystal System:
Trigonal
Class (H-M):
3 - Rhombohedral
Space Group:
R3
Cell Parameters:
a = 10.37 Å, c = 20.74 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 2
Unit Cell V:
1,931.51 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
3

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0000535CrichtoniteGrey I E, Lloyd D J, White J S (1976) The structure of crichtonite and its relationship to senaite American Mineralogist 61 1203-121219760293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
3.387 Å(strong)
2.875 Å(strong)
2.131 Å(strong)
1.596 Å(strong)
1.440 Å(strong)
2.838 Å(medium strong)
2.243 Å(medium strong)
1.796 Å(medium strong)
0.90061 Å(medium strong)
Comments:
Bourg d’Oisans, France. Data from Hey et al. (1969).

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 4a: Earth’s earliest continental crust>4.4-3.0
19 : Granitic intrusive rocks
Near-surface Processes
23 : Subaerial aqueous alteration by non-redox-sensitive fluids (see also #47)
Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks>3.0
35 : Ultra-alkali and agpaitic igneous rocks
36 : Carbonatites, kimberlites, and related igneous rocks
Stage 5: Initiation of plate tectonics<3.5-2.5
40 : Regional metamorphism (greenschist, amphibolite, granulite facies)

Type Occurrence of CrichtoniteHide

Other Language Names for CrichtoniteHide

German:Crichtonit
Simplified Chinese:锶铁钛矿
Spanish:Crichtonita
Traditional Chinese:鍶鐵鈦礦

Relationship of Crichtonite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Crichtonite Group
Other Members of Crichtonite Group:
AlmeidaitePbZn2(Mn,Y)(Ti,Fe3+)18O37(OH,O)Trig. 3 : R3
BotuobinskiteSrFe2+Mg2(Cr3+6Ti4+12)[O36(OH)2]Trig. 3 : R3
Cleusonite(Pb,Sr)(U4+,U6+)(Fe2+,Zn)2(Ti,Fe2+,Fe3+)18(O,OH)38Trig. 3 : R3
Davidite-(Ce)Ce(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38Trig. 3 : R3
Davidite-(La)La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38Trig. 3 : R3
'Davidite-(Y)'(La,Ce,Na,Ca,Pb)(Y,Fe2+,◻)(Fe2+,Mn2+)2(Ti,Fe3+,Nb,Zr)18O38 (hypothetical)Trig.
Dessauite-(Y)(Sr,Pb)(Y,U)(Ti,Fe3+)20O38Trig. 3 : R3
Gramaccioliite-(Y)(Pb,Sr)(Y,Mn)Fe3+2(Ti,Fe3+)18O38Trig. 3 : R3
Haitaite-(La)LaU4+Fe3+2(Ti13Fe2+4Fe3+)O38Trig. 3 : R3
LandauiteNaMnZn2(Ti,Fe)6Ti12O38Trig. 3 : R3
Lindsleyite(Ba,Sr)(Zr,Ca)(Fe,Mg)2(Ti,Cr,Fe)18O38Trig.
Loveringite(Ca,Ce,La)(Zr,Fe)(Mg,Fe)2(Ti,Fe,Cr,Al)18O38Trig. 3 : R3
Mapiquiroite(Sr,Pb)(U,Y)Fe2(Ti,Fe3+,Cr3+)18O38Trig. 3 : R3
Mathiasite(Mg,Cr,Fe,Ca,K)2(Ti,Zr,Cr,Fe)5O12Trig. 3 : R3
Mianningite(◻,Pb,Ce,Na)(U4+,Mn,U6+)Fe3+2 (Ti,Fe3+)18O38Trig. 3 : R3
MirnyiteSrZr4+Mg2(Cr3+6Ti4+12)O38Trig. 3 : R3
PaseroitePbMn2+(Mn2+,Fe3+)2(V5+,Ti,◻)18O38 Trig. 3 : R3
SaranovskiteSrCaFe2+2(Cr4Ti2)Ti12O38Trig. 3 : R3
SenaitePb(Mn,Y,U)(Fe,Zn)2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH)38Trig. 3 : R3
'UM1987-03-O:FePbTiU'~(U,Pb)(Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+,Mn)21O38Trig. 3 : R3
'UM2003-08-O:AlCaFeREEScTiV'(Ca,Ce)Sc(Ti,V,Fe,Al)20O38
'UM2006-05-O:CaFeKMnNaREESrTiZr'(Sr,Na,K,REE)(Ca,Zr,Mn)(Ti,Fe)18Fe2O38
'UM2006-06-O:CaFeKMnNaREESrTiZr'(Sr,Na,K,REE)(Zr,Ca,Mn)(Ti,Fe)18Fe2O38
'UM2006-07-O:CaFeKMnNaREESrTiZr'(Na,Sr,K,REE)(Ca,Zr,Mn)(Ti,Fe)18Fe2O38
'UM2006-08-O:CaFeKMnNaREESrTiZr'(Na,Sr,K,REE)(Zr,Ca,Mn)(Ti,Fe)18Fe2O38
'UM2006-09-O:CaFeMnREESrTiZr'(Ce,Sr,REE)(Ca,Mn,Zr)Fe2(Ti,Fe)18O38
'Unnamed (HBU UK-4)'NaFe2+Zn2(Ti,Fe3+,Nb)6Ti12O38Trig. 3 : R3
Forms a series with:
SenaiteCrichtonite-Senaite Series

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:
5 photos of Crichtonite associated with QuartzSiO2
3 photos of Crichtonite associated with AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
2 photos of Crichtonite associated with Dessauite-(Y)(Sr,Pb)(Y,U)(Ti,Fe3+)20O38
2 photos of Crichtonite associated with SenaitePb(Mn,Y,U)(Fe,Zn)2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH)38
2 photos of Crichtonite associated with MagnetiteFe2+Fe3+2O4
2 photos of Crichtonite associated with RutileTiO2
2 photos of Crichtonite associated with 'Rutilated Quartz'SiO2
1 photo of Crichtonite associated with ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
1 photo of Crichtonite associated with CafarsiteCa5.9Mn1.7Fe3Ti3(AsO3)12 · 4-5H2O
1 photo of Crichtonite associated with IlmeniteFe2+TiO3

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

4.CC.XuiteCa3Fe3+2[(AlO3(OH)]3Iso. m3m(4/m32/m)
4.CC.Yttriaite-(Y)Y2O3Iso. m3(2/m3)
4.CC.AllendeiteSc4Zr3O12Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.ChlorkyuygeniteCa12Al14O32[(H2O)4Cl2]Iso. 43m : I43d
4.CC.OboniobiteMg4Nb2O9Trig. 3m(32/m) : P3c1
4.CC.BotuobinskiteSrFe2+Mg2(Cr3+6Ti4+12)[O36(OH)2]Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.MirnyiteSrZr4+Mg2(Cr3+6Ti4+12)O38Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.Haitaite-(La)LaU4+Fe3+2(Ti13Fe2+4Fe3+)O38Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.ShagamiteKFe11O17Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P63/mmc
4.CC.BitikleiteCa3(Sb5+Sn4+)[AlO4]3Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
4.CC.Anzaite-(Ce)Ce3+ 4Fe2+Ti6O18 (OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
4.CC.Heamanite-(Ce)(K0.5Ce0.5)TiO3Iso. m3m(4/m32/m)
4.CC.Priscillagrewite-(Y)(Ca2Y)Zr2(AlO4)3Iso.
4.CC.StranditePb3Mn3+4Mn4+3O15Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P63/mcm
4.CC.SaranovskiteSrCaFe2+2(Cr4Ti2)Ti12O38Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.05ChrombismiteBi3+16Cr6+O27Iso. m3m(4/m32/m)
4.CC.10FreudenbergiteNa2(Ti,Fe)8O16Mon.
4.CC.10FluormayeniteCa12Al14O32F2Iso. 43m : I43d
4.CC.10FluorkyuygeniteCa12Al14O32[(H2O)4F2]Iso. 43m : I43d
4.CC.15GrossiteCaAl4O7Mon. 2/m : B2/b
4.CC.17GoldschmidtiteKNbO3Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Pm3m
4.CC.20'Unnamed (HBU UK-4)'NaFe2+Zn2(Ti,Fe3+,Nb)6Ti12O38Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.20ChlormayeniteCa12Al14O32[◻4Cl2]Iso. 43m : I43d
4.CC.20PaseroitePbMn2+(Mn2+,Fe3+)2(V5+,Ti,◻)18O38 Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.20Mianningite(◻,Pb,Ce,Na)(U4+,Mn,U6+)Fe3+2 (Ti,Fe3+)18O38Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.20'UM1987-03-O:FePbTiU'~(U,Pb)(Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+,Mn)21O38Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.22GoreriteCaAlFe3+11O19Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P63/mmc
4.CC.22KahlenbergiteKAl11O17Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P63/mmc
4.CC.25HopmanniteBa2(Ti5Fe)O13Mon. 2/m : B2/m
4.CC.25NixoniteNa2Ti6O13Mon. 2/m : B2/m
4.CC.25YafsoaniteCa3Te6+2(ZnO4)3Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
4.CC.30LatrappiteCa2NbFe3+O6Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
4.CC.30NatroniobiteNaNbO3Mon.
4.CC.30PerovskiteCaTiO3Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
4.CC.30LueshiteNaNbO3Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
4.CC.30BariolakargiiteBaZrO3Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Pm3m
4.CC.30BarioperovskiteBaTiO3Orth. mm2 : Amm2
4.CC.30MegawiteCaSnO3Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pban
4.CC.30LakargiiteCa(Zr,Sn,Ti)O3Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
4.CC.32UsturiteCa3(Sb5+Zr)[Fe3+O4]3Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
4.CC.32ElbrusiteCa3(U6+0.5Zr1.5)[Fe3+O4]3Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
4.CC.32MonteneveiteCa3Sb5+2(Fe3+2Fe2+)O12Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
4.CC.32DzhuluiteCa3(Sb5+Sn4+)[Fe3+O4]3Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d
4.CC.35TausoniteSrTiO3Iso. 43m
4.CC.35Loparite(Na,REE)2Ti2O6Iso. m3m(4/m32/m)
4.CC.35Panguite(Ti,Al,Sc,Mg,Zr,Ca)1.8O3Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
4.CC.35Isolueshite(Na,La)NbO3Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Pm3m
4.CC.35MacedonitePbTiO3Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : P4/nmm
4.CC.37PauloabibiteNaNbO3Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.40LandauiteNaMnZn2(Ti,Fe)6Ti12O38Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.40Mathiasite(Mg,Cr,Fe,Ca,K)2(Ti,Zr,Cr,Fe)5O12Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.40SenaitePb(Mn,Y,U)(Fe,Zn)2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH)38Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.40Gramaccioliite-(Y)(Pb,Sr)(Y,Mn)Fe3+2(Ti,Fe3+)18O38Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.40Lindsleyite(Ba,Sr)(Zr,Ca)(Fe,Mg)2(Ti,Cr,Fe)18O38Trig.
4.CC.40Loveringite(Ca,Ce,La)(Zr,Fe)(Mg,Fe)2(Ti,Fe,Cr,Al)18O38Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.40Cleusonite(Pb,Sr)(U4+,U6+)(Fe2+,Zn)2(Ti,Fe2+,Fe3+)18(O,OH)38Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.40Davidite-(Ce)Ce(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.40Davidite-(La)La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.40'Davidite-(Y)'(La,Ce,Na,Ca,Pb)(Y,Fe2+,◻)(Fe2+,Mn2+)2(Ti,Fe3+,Nb,Zr)18O38 (hypothetical)Trig.
4.CC.40'Uhligite'Ca3(Ti,Al,Zr)9O20 ?Iso.
4.CC.40Dessauite-(Y)(Sr,Pb)(Y,U)(Ti,Fe3+)20O38Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.45DiaoyudaoiteNaAl11O17Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P63/mmc
4.CC.45YimengiteK(Cr,Ti,Fe,Mg)12O19Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P63/mmc
4.CC.45NežilovitePbZn2Mn4+2Fe3+8O19Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P63/mmc
4.CC.45HawthorneiteBaMgTi3Cr4Fe2+2Fe3+2O19Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P63/mmc
4.CC.45Mizraite-(Ce)Ce(Al11Mg)O19Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P63/mmc
4.CC.45HaggertyiteBaFe2+4Fe3+2Ti5MgO19Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P63/mmc
4.CC.45LindqvistitePb2Mn2+Fe16O27Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P63/mmc
4.CC.45HiboniteCaAl12O19Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P63/mmc
4.CC.45Kangite(Sc,Ti,Al,Zr,Mg,Ca,◻)2O3 Iso. m3(2/m3)
4.CC.45ChihuahuaiteFeAl12O19Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P63/mmc
4.CC.45BarioferriteBaFe3+12O19Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P63/mmc
4.CC.45PlumboferritePb[Fe3+10.67Mn2+0.33Pb]O18.33Trig. 32 : P312
4.CC.45BatiferriteBaTi2Fe3+8Fe2+2O19Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P63/mmc
4.CC.45MagnetoplumbitePbFe3+12O19Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P63/mmc
4.CC.50JeppeiteK2Ti6O13Mon. 2/m : B2/m
4.CC.55ZenzénitePb3Fe3+4Mn4+3O15Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P63/mcm
4.CC.60'Mengxianminite (of Huang et al.)'(Ca,Na)3(Fe,Mn)2Mg2(Sn,Zn)5Al8O29

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for CrichtoniteHide

References for CrichtoniteHide

Reference List:
de Bournon, J.L. (1813): 430.
de Bournon, J.L. (1814) Catalogue de la Collection Minéralogique du Comte de Bournon. The Monthly Review: 73: 17-32.
Claringbull, G.F. (1953) Mineralogical Society (London). American Mineralogist: 38: 734-737.
Hey, M. H., Embrey, P. G., Fejer, E. E. (1969) Crichtonite, a distinct species. Mineralogical Magazine, 37 (287) 349-356 doi:10.1180/minmag.1969.037.287.06
Ramdohr, Paul (1969) The Ore Minerals and their Intergrowths. Pergamon Press, Oxford. 1174pp. doi:10.1016/c2013-0-10027-x
Fleischer, M. (1970) New mineral names. American Mineralogist, 55 (3-4). 533-535
Grey, Ian E., Lloyd, Douglas J., White, John S. Jr. (1976) The structure of crichtonite and its relationship to senaite. American Mineralogist, 61 (11-12) 1203-1212
(1980) International Mineralogical Association: Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names. Mineralogical Magazine, 43 (332) 1053-1055 doi:10.1180/minmag.1980.043.332.17
Foord, Eugene E., Chaves, Mario Luiz da Sa C., Lichte, Frederick E. (1994) Plumboan Crichtonite from the Fazenda Guariba, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The Mineralogical Record, 25 (2) 133-135
Wülser, P.-A., Brugger, J., Meisser, N. (2004) The crichtonite group of minerals: a review of the classification. Bulletin de liaison de la Société Francaise de Minéralogie et Cristallographie: 16: 76-77.
(2005) Crichtonite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America
Mills, Stuart J., Bindi, Luca, Cadoni, Marcella, Kampf, Anthony R., Ciriotti, Marco E., Ferraris, Giovanni (2012) Paseroite, PbMn2+(Mn2+,Fe2+)2(V5+,Ti,Fe3+,☐)18O38, a new member of the crichtonite group. European Journal of Mineralogy, 24 (6) 1061-1067 doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2012/0024-2243

Localities for CrichtoniteHide

Showing 39 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Austria
 
  • Tyrol
    • Schwaz District
      • Finkenberg
I. Campostrini - Department of ...
Brazil
 
  • Minas Gerais
Foord et al. (1994)
Canada
 
  • Ontario
    • Thunder Bay District
Currie (1980)
      • Walsh Township
Potter et al. (2005)
  • Québec
    • Chaudière-Appalaches
      • Les Appalaches RCM
        • Saint-Pierre-de-Broughton (West Broughton)
HORVÁTH et al. (2006)
Finland
 
  • North Ostrobothnia
    • Kuusamo
Al-Ani et al. (2018)
Al-Ani et al. (2018)
France
 
  • Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
    • Isère
      • Grenoble
        • Les Deux Alpes
          • Mont-de-Lans
Vein (2011) +1 other reference
Catal.Collect.mineral.particul.Roi (1813) +1 other reference
Valverde J. (1999)
    • Savoie
      • Albertville
        • La Léchère
          • Celliers
De Ascenção Guedes (2003)
De Ascenção Guedes (2003)
De Ascenção Guedes et al. (2002) +1 other reference
      • Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne
        • Argentine
De Ascenção Guedes (2003)
        • Épierre
De Ascenção Guedes (2003)
        • Saint-Colomban-des-Villards
De Ascenção Guedes (2003)
        • Val-Cenis
          • Lanslebourg-Mont-Cenis
            • Mont-Cenis Plateau
De Ascenção Guedes et al. (2008) +1 other reference
  • Brittany
    • Morbihan
      • Lorient
        • Groix
          • Primiture
Bariand et al. (n.d.)
Italy
 
  • Aosta Valley
    • Courmayeur
Piccoli et al. (2007)
  • Piedmont
    • Metropolitan City of Turin
      • Oulx
        • Signols
- (n.d.)
    • Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province
      • Baceno
        • Devero Alp
Graeser et al. (1995)
      • Formazza
Piccoli et al. (2007) +1 other reference
      • Varzo
        • Veglia Alp (Alpe Veglia)
Cuchet et al. (2023) +1 other reference
Madagascar
 
  • Amoron'i Mania
    • Ambatofinandrahana District
      • Itremo
        • Imorona valley
Lacroix (1922)
Mexico
 
  • Yucatán
    • northwest coastline of the Yucatán peninsula
      • Puerto Chicxulub
Wittmann A (2022)
Russia
 
  • Murmansk Oblast
maurice.strahlen.org (2003) +3 other references
    • Lovchorr Mt
Kompanchenko et al. (2018)
    • Pechengsky District
      • Pechenga Ni-Cu ore field
Компанченко А.А. +1 other reference
  • Sakha
    • Mirninsky District
      • Daldyn
Rezvukhin +3 other references
South Africa
 
  • Northern Cape
    • Frances Baard District Municipality
      • Sol Plaatje Local Municipality
        • Kimberley
Konzett et al. (2013)
Switzerland
 
  • Grisons
    • Surselva Region
      • Tujetsch
        • Sedrun
Stalder et al. (1998)
  • Ticino
    • Leventina
      • Airolo
        • Fontana
Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data 2019
  • Valais
    • Brig
      • Naters
    • Entremont
      • Orsières
        • Ferret Valley
          • La Fouly
Cuchet et al. (2003) +1 other reference
    • Goms
      • Binn
Stalder et al. (1998)
    • Sierre
      • Anniviers
        • Ayer
Stalder et al. (1998)
USA
 
  • Montana
    • Hill County
      • Bearpaw Mountains
Mitchell et al. (2000)
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