
ãžãã ã·å ¥éæè©±â¢ïœå€©ç«ºåŸ³å µè¡ã倧è«å®¶ã«äŸµå ¥ããè»ã®è±ã®ééããŸãæ³¥ä¹éã远ã
ãçµµãšæãäžäœãšãªã£ãé»è¡šçŽããçºå±ããåå·»ã¯ãæç« ãäžå¿ãšãªããæ¿çµµã¯æ¬æãšã¯ç¬ç«ããå
容ãšãªã£ãŠããããšãå€ãã
ãåå·»ããžãã ã·å
¥éæè©±ãïŒ1813åïŒãå±±æ±äº¬äŒïŒ1761ïœ1816ïŒäœãæå·åœçŽïŒ1793ïœ1854ïŒç»ã¯ãåæ³å±åžå
µè¡ããåè¡ãããã
ãäžäžäžäžç·šå
å·»ã®çŸä»£èªèš³ïŒæèš³ïŒãå
åã«åããŠç޹ä»ããäžåç®ãÂ
ã倩竺埳å
µè¡ã¯ãç¶ã®æµãè¶³å©çŸ©æãèšã€ããã«ããžãã ã·å
¥éããèŠèã®è¡ãæããããããããèŠãŠããèåãç·ãæ¬ã殺ãããã®åšãè°·åºã«èœãšãã
ã話å€ãã£ãŠãèŠèã®è¡ã宿ããããã«å¿
èŠãªåãšé¡ãæã£ãŠãã倧è«ããæ¬¡éã®å®¶è£ã倩æºç±å©å³è¡éã®åšããåã¯ãç²éå¹³å
å
µè¡ãšã®çžè«ããŸãšãŸãããããšããæä»²ã®å¹³å°Ÿå±åŸ³å
µè¡ãžæçŽãéãã
ããåã«æšªææ
ã®æ²¹äºé§å¹³æ¬¡ã¯ãæ³¥ä¹éã«åœããŠãæçŽã奪ããããè
°å
è»ã®è±ã殺ããŠãæ³¥ä¹éã¯æçŽã奪ããšâŠâŠã
Â
第äžå
äž

åã®ã€ã¥ããé»é²èµ·ãããã®äžã«ãè
°å
è»ã®è±ã®ééãæ± ã®äžããéŒã«ãšãã€ãçŸãåºã§ãŠãå°ããéŒã¯æ³¥ä¹éã«ãšãã€ããè¡ãããŸããšããã°ãæ³¥ä¹éã¯åŒãæ»ãããŠããããããšãäœããããã§åŒ±ããããåãæ¯ãæ¯ãããããããã®å Žãéãè¡ãããã®æçŽãé§å¹³æ¬¡ã«æž¡ãã°ãé§å¹³æ¬¡ã¯æ³¥ä¹éã«è€çŸã®éãæž¡ãã
ãè»ã®è±ã®ééã¯ãé°ç«ãšãªããŠæ³¥ä¹éã®åŸã远ãã
Â
ãããã¯ããŠããããããŠããè±åã®åœã®å€§è«è»é ãšãè±åŸã®åœã®èæ± å€å®ãšã¯ã確å·ãããããã³ãã³åæŠãããåè² ãã€ããªãã£ããã倧è«è»é ãç
æ»ããä»ã¯å€§è«ããæ¬¡éã®äžãšãªãã
ãåçŠãçµã¶ã¹ãã
ãšã®è¶³å©çŸ©æå
¬ã®åœä»€ã«ãããåæ¹ãåçŠæŽãããã®å°ãšããŠãèæ± å€å®ã®åšãç²§å§«ã倧è«ããæ¬¡éã®åŠ»ãšããããæ¬¡éã¯å€§è«å®¶ã«äŒããå壿³¢åäžžãå€å®æ¹ãžèŽãããšãšæ±ºãŸã£ãããç²§å§«ã茿å
¥ãããæ§åããªãã®ã§ãããæ¬¡éã¯ãå®¶è£ã®ç²éå¹³å
å
µè¡ã䜿è
ãšããŠå€å®ã®é€šãžã€ããããå€å®ã®é€šã§ã¯ãå®¶è£å°Ÿåœ¢åéçæž
ãšå¥³æ¿è¢å£ãšãã«ç²éå¹³å
å
µè¡ã«å¯Ÿé¢ããå¹³å
å
µè¡ãèšãããã¯ã
ããã®ãã³ãæè
ãæ¥ãã®ã¯ãç²§å§«ãšã®çµå©ããªãé
ããŠããã®ããçŽæãç Žãããã®ãªãã°ãè¶³å©çŸ©æå
¬ã®åœä»€ã«èãããšã«ãªããçç±ããã£ããèããŠãããšã®äž»äººããã®ç³ãã€ãã«ãããŸãã
ãšèšãã°ã尟圢åéè¿ãå¯ãã
ããã£ãããããšã¯ããã£ãšããçŽæéåã§ã¯ããããŸããããããŸã§çãããã®ã§ããã°ãç³ããŸãããããã®åäºåæ¥åãããå§«ã¯é£ç
ã«ãªããå§¿ãäºã€ãšãªããã©ã¡ããæ¬ç©ãããããŸãããããã¯éãåé¢ãããšããé¢éç
ãåœ±ã®æ£ããšãããã®ã§ãããããã®ããçµå©ãå»¶ã°ããŠãããŸããããç³ãã°ããã§ã¯ã次ãžã€ã¥ã
Â
å «

ã€ã¥ãããçãããããŸããããçŽæ¥ã芧ã«ãªã£ãŠãåž°ããã ããã
ãšèšããšã女æ¿è¢å£ã埡簟ããããã°ãããã«ã¯çŸããå§«ã®å§¿ãäºã€ã«èŠããã©ã¡ããã©ã¡ããšèŠåãããããç²éå¹³å
å
µè¡ã¯èãã€ã¶ãã
ãããã§ã¯çµå©ãå»¶ã³ãã®ãããã£ãšããçãã¯æŽããŸããã
ãšèšãã€ã€ãå¿ã®äžã§æãã«ã¯ã
ããã®ããã倩竺埳å
µè¡ãšããè
ããèŠèã®ä»è¡ãè¡ããšèããããããã£ãšå€©ç«ºã®ä»è¡ã ããã
ãšãå¿ãæ®ããŠåž°ãããã
Â
ããããŠç²éå¹³å
å
µè¡ã¯é€šãžåž°ãã
ãå§«ã®çµå©å»¶æã®ããã¯ããããããã
ãšèªãããã°ã倧è«ããæ¬¡éã¯èããŠããããã«é©ãã
ãããã§ã¯çµå©ã¯æ¥ã«ã¯ã§ããªãã ããããã¡ããšããŠããèŽãç©ã«ãã¹ãæ³¢åäžžã®åããå
é çŽå€±ããã®ã§ãçµå©ã®å»¶æã¯å¹žããªããå§«ã®ç
æ°ãšãããæ³¢åäžžã®çŽå€±ãšããããªã«ããåç¹ã®ããã¬ããšã䞡家ã®åçŠããããŸããããè
ã®ä»æ¥ã ãããã
ãšãäž»åŸç©èªããŠãããããåãæ¬¡ãã®è
ããã£ãŠããŠã
ããã ä»ãæ¥ã«ã京éœã®æŠå°ãè¶³å©çŸ©æå
¬ã®äœ¿è
ãšããŠéªå²¡å®èŠ³å·Šè¡éæ§ãããã£ããããŸããã
ãšç¥ãããã°ã倧è«ããæ¬¡éãšç²éå¹³å
å
µè¡ãçãã²ããã
ãè¶³å©çŸ©æå
¬ããæ¥ãªäœ¿è
ãšã¯çŽåŸã§ãããäœã¯ãšãããã䜿è
ãæè¿ããæºåãããã
ãšåœããããæ¬¡éã¯ç€Œæã«çæ¿ããå¹³å
å
µè¡ã倩æºç±å©å³è¡éãæ²¹äºé§å¹³æ¬¡ãšãšãã«åºè¿ããã°ãéªå²¡å®èŠ³å·Šè¡éããã£ãŠæ¥ãŠãäžåº§ã«åº§ãã°ãããæ¬¡éã¯é ãäžãã
ãé è·¯ã®ãšãããæ¬¡ãž
Â
ä¹

ã€ã¥ããã䜿è
ããèŠåŽåäžã
ãšè¿°ã¹ããéªå²¡å®èŠ³å·Šè¡éã¯åšåãæ£ãã
ããã®ãã³ç§ã䜿è
ãšãªã£ãã®ã¯ãåçŠã®å°ã«èæ± å€å®æ¹ãžèŽãæ³¢åäžžãšãè¶³å©å°æ°å
¬ããèŽãããæºæã®é¡ããã®äºåã確ããã«è¡ãããšã®è¶³å©çŸ©æå
¬ããã®åœä»€ããããå¿åŸãã
ãšèšãã°ã倧è«ããæ¬¡éã¯åœæãã
ãæ³¢åäžžã®çŽå€±ãç¥ã£ãŠãã£ãŠæ¥ãã®ããã©ããããããã ããã
ãšæãã°ãç²éå¹³å
å
µè¡ã¯ããããå¯ããŠã䞻人ã«ä»£ããé²ã¿åºãŠã
ãå§çްæ¿ç¥ããããŸãããã䜿è
ã«ã¯ããŸããäŒæ©ãªãã£ãŠãã ãããŸãã
ãšèšã£ãŠå¥¥ã®éšå±ãžè¡ããæè¿ã®æºåãèšãã€ããã°ãããããã®è
°å
ããçŸé
ãçå³ãæã£ãŠããŠã䜿è
ã®åã«äžŠã¹ãçŸäººãéžã³ãçŽãäžå³ç·ã«æšçŽã§æŒå¥ããæãæããæè¿ããã°ãéªå²¡å®èŠ³å·Šè¡éã¯ããã®é³æ²ã«èãå
¥ã£ãŠããã
ãæåã¯ããã
ãšãç²éå¹³å
å
µè¡ãåºãŠããŠãæšçŽãçã£äºã€ã«åããšãæšçŽã®äžã«å
¥ããŠãããããããã®å°ãããééŠãç«ãŠãŠèãããããã®ããã«éªå²¡å®èŠ³å·Šè¡éã«é£ã³ã€ãã°ãå®èŠ³å·Šè¡éã¯ãããã£ãšç«ã¡äžããã倧è«ããæ¬¡éãäž»åŸå人ã¯ãå·Šå³ããã€ãå¯ã£ãŠã
ãããŠãããæåããã«ãã®äœ¿è
ãšæã£ãŠããããã®ãšãããæ±ã¯ãŸãããããã®ãã諞åœãããããèŠèã®ä»è¡ã䜿ã倩竺埳å
µè¡ã§ãããããã€ããž
Â
å

ã€ã¥ããç¥åŠã«ããã
ãšå«ã¹ã°ã䜿è
ã¯ã
ããããããããããããã«ã倩竺埳å
µè¡ãšã¯ãããããšãªãããããªããšã§ããä»è¡ã«ç«ã¡åãããšã¯ãããããªãã
ãšããããç¬ããå°ãããæã£ãŠã¯æ®ããåŒãè£ããåºã®éã«çœ®ããŠãã£ãæºæã®é¡ã奪ãåããå°ãçµãã§åªæããšãªããã°ãã¿ãªã¿ãªåãããšãã§ããããã®ããã«å€©ç«ºåŸ³å
µè¡ã¯å±æ ¹ã®äžã«çŸããã通ã®äžã¯ãäžãäžãžã®å€§éšåãæ§ãæã£ãŠå±æ ¹ã«ç»ãããããçªããŠãã倩竺埳å
µè¡ã¯ãªããšãæããããŸãå°ãçµãã§åªæããšãªããã°ãå
µéãã¡ã¯æšã®èã®ããšãé£ã³æ£ãããç¢ãæãŠããšèšã£ãŠãããã¡ã«ã倩竺ã¯å€§ããªèŠèã®å§¿ãšãªããå£ã«é¡ãããããé»é²ã«ä¹ã£ãŠããã¥ããšããªãéã倱ããã
倧è«ããæ¬¡éã¯ãã©ã£ããšåº§ãã
ãååæ³¢åäžžçŽå€±ã®ããã«ããŸã倧åãªé¡ã奪ãããŠã¯ã倧è«ã®å®¶ã¯æçµ¶ãå
ç¥ã«ç³ãèš³ãªãã
ãšãåãæããŠè
¹ã«çªãç«ãŠãããšããã°ãç²éå¹³å
å
µè¡ã倩æºç±å©å³è¡éãé§ãå¯ã£ãŠãšã©ãããšãããŸããã䜿è
ãæ¥ããšã®é£çµ¡ãæ¯éãªãåè
¹ãæããšã©ãŸããåšåãæ£ããŠäœ¿è
ãè¿ããã
ãã£ãŠæ¥ãè¶³å©çŸ©æå
¬ã®äœ¿è
æ»å·å·Šéä¹é²äžåºããããããšãã£ãŠæ¥ãŠã倧è«ããæ¬¡éã«åããã
ããã®ãã³è¶³å©çŸ©æå
¬ã®åœã«ãããèæ± ã倧è«ã®åçŠã®å°ã®æ³¢åäžžãçŽå€±ãããšã®ããšãå®ã«ãããªã®ã確ãããŠããããšã®ä»°ãã§ãã£ãŠæ¥ãéäžãæ§åãèãã°ãæããå
ã«äœ¿è
ãšåœã£ãŠãã£ãŠããããè
ãæºæã®é¡ã奪ãåã£ãŠéãå»ã£ããšã®ããšããã®ããè
ã¯ããã®ãã諞åœãéšãã倩竺埳å
µè¡ã«çããªããæ³¢åäžžã®çŽå€±ããããã€ã®ä»æ¥ãšæãããã倧åãªäºã€ã®å®ã奪ãããã®ã¯ãããæ¬¡é殿ã®èœã¡åºŠãªãã©ã矩æå
¬ã«é¡ãåºãŠãçŸæ¥ã®ç¶äºããããã®ã§ããã®éãæ¬¡ãžã€ã¥ãÂ
ïŒ
å±±æ±äº¬äŒè£œãåäžå³è¬ãæŽç²ãæ°Žæ¶ç²ãäžå
壱åäºåãããã»ã©èãæ§ã«ãŠããããã䜿ãã°ããããããŸãã«ãè¶ãåºããèªç¶ãšè²ãçœãããåžžã®æŽç²ã®é¡ã«ããããç¹ãéçŒãæ±ç¹ã®é¡ãªãã埡åç²§å¿
çšã®è¬æŽç²ãªããã売æã京äŒåº
Â
åäž

倩竺埳å
µè¡ãæºæã®é¡ã奪ãã倧èŠèãšåããé£ã³å»ãã
倧è«ããæ¬¡éãç²éå¹³å
å
µè¡ããããèŠéãã
Â
åäº

ã€ã¥ããèãåããŠãäºåã®å®ããããã倩竺埳å
µè¡ãèšã¡åãã°ããã®åã«ãã£ãŠãèœã¡åºŠã®ç³ãéããšãªãã¹ãããããªãããäºåã®å®ãèŠã€ãããŸã§ã¯ãããæ¬¡é殿ã¯å®¶ã«ããã£ãŠè¬¹æ
ãªãããŸãã
ãšããããããèšèã«ã倧è«ããæ¬¡éã¯çãè¿ã£ãå¿å°ãšãªããäž»åŸäžäººèŠéãã°ãæ»å·å·Šéä¹é²ã¯ããã£ããç«ã¡äžãããå¥ããåããŠåž°ããããÂ
ïŒ
京äŒäœãè±åœç»ãçµµå
¥ãã¿æ¬ãâåè¶èšãå
šå
åãäžåãããã®ãŸããç©èª
ããåºãããç³åã
京äŒèãéåèå€é²ãå
šäºå
èå±
ã«ãããããå€ç»å€å³ããã€ããããããã«èããããããããã®èå±
ãä»èŠãããšãæžãªãã
è¿å»ãè¿ã
çºå£²
â京äŒããã²ã€ã骚è£éãæ£ãºãååãæ¥ãé
ã®ç§åºæ¿ä»åÂ
 次åã«ã€ã¥ãã
ãæã«æ±æ¡ãããããå Žé¢ã®éäžã§ãããšïŒ£ïŒãå
¥ãã京äŒã¯åºããã£ãŠããã®ã§ãèªåã®åºã®ååã®å®£äŒããèªåã®æ¬ã®å®£äŒãããŠããã
ãèŠå±éäžéã¯åºççã®é©åœå
ã ããå±±æ±äº¬äŒã¯äœåäžã«ïŒ£ïŒãå
¥ãããšãããããªã¢ã€ãã¢ãããããåºããŠãããäœè
ãšããŠã®é©åœå
ã§ããã£ãããè§£äœæ°æžãã®è§£åå³ãªã©ãäœåã«åãå
¥ããŠããã
ãæ¬æã®æ¿çµµæš¡åã«ã¯æåãå
¥ããŠããªãããæçµåäºå Žé¢ã§ããã°ãç»é¢äžã®æåã¯ãå
šãŠïŒ£ïŒãšãªã£ãŠããã

ãäœäžç»å Žäººç©ããæ±æžã®äººã
ã«ãšã£ãŠã¯æèäŒãªã©ã§ç¥ã£ãŠããååãæ¬¡ã
åºãŠããã倧谷ç¿å¹³ãïŒããã£ãŠãããããªæãã§äº¬äŒåºã®å®£äŒãèŠãŠããã®ã ããã
Â