
ã第3éšãæ¬åœã«æãã®ã¯ããæªæãã ãã§ã¯ãªãã®ãããããŸããã
ã¿ãªããããã«ã¡ã¯ïŒ
è¡åå¿ç士ã®åã§ãã
ã第1éšãã§ã¯ã
same jailïŒ
ã®ã°ã«ïŒã¯ã¹ã¯ã¹ãšç¬ãïŒ
mugshotããŒã¯
楜ããããªç©ºæ°
ãªã©ããããäºä»¶ã®é倧æ§ãããããäºäººã®æå±æãã®æ¹ã匷ãèŠããŠãããããªãããªãç°æ§ãªæ§é ã«ã€ããŠæŽçããŸããã
ãããŠã第2éšãã§ã¯ããäºäººã ãã®äžçãã圢æããå§ããããšã§ããçŸå®ãããããé¢ä¿æ§ãã®æ¹ãåªå ãããŠããããã«èŠããããšãã話ãããŸããã
ãããŸã§èŠãŠããŠãåãä»åäžçªéèŠã ãšæã£ãã®ã¯ããææ ããªããããšã§ã¯ãããŸããã
ãããããæå±æããããçŸå®æããã®ãã®ãäžæžããå§ããŠããããã«èŠããããšã§ãã
ã€ãŸãä»åèŠããŠããã®ã¯ããå±éºã ãšåãã£ãŠããªãããšããããããäºäººã®äžçãã®æ¹ããçŸå®ãã匷ããªã£ãŠããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
ãããããªãéèŠã§ãã
ä»åã¯æåŸã«ã
ãªã人ã¯ãçŸå®æãã倱ã£ãŠããã®ã
ãªãæªæå¹Žã®è³ã¯éé空éã«é£²ã¿èŸŒãŸããããã®ã
ãªããæªéåãã ãã§ã¯ããã®äºä»¶ãçè§£ã§ããªãã®ã
ããããè¡åå¿çåŠã»çºéå¿çåŠã»è³ç§åŠã®èŠç¹ãããåãªãã«æŽçããŠãããŸãã
â ïžæ³šæâ ïž
ããã§ç޹ä»ããåæã¯ããäººæ Œèšºæãã§ã¯ãããŸããã
åäžã®è¡šæ ãèšèã ãã§ãäººæ Œã粟ç¥ç¶æ ãæå®ããããšã¯ã§ããŸããã
éèŠãªã®ã¯ã
æµã
ææ ã®åãå
çŸå®ãšã®ãºã¬
ãèŠãããšã§ãã
å¿çåŠã§ã¯ãæå±æ¬²æ±ãéå£åèª¿ãææ¥æç¹æã®èªç¥çºéããå€æãææ åŠçã«åœ±é¿ãäžããããšãç¥ãããŠããŸãã
ãããŠç®çã¯ãçžæãçè§£ããããšã§ãã
çå¿ã倧äºã§ããããšãå¿ããªãã§ãã ããã
1. ãsame jailïŒãã®æ¬åœã®æå³
ã第1éšãã§ãããªãå°è±¡çã ã£ãã®ãã
ãSame jailïŒã
ãšããèšèã§ããã
æ®éãé倧äºä»¶ã§é®æãããçŽåŸã§ããã°ã
ããããã©ããªãã®ïŒ
人çãçµãã£ããããããªã
ãšããæ¹åã«æèãåããããã§ãã
ãããä»åãŸãåºãŠããã®ã¯ããäžç·ã«ããããïŒãã§ããã
ã€ãŸãä»åãå¿ççã«æåªå ãããŠããã®ã¯ããäºä»¶ãã§ã¯ãªãããé¢ä¿æ§ç¶æãã ã£ãå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
ããã§éèŠã«ãªãã®ããbelongingnessïŒæå±æ¬²æ±ïŒã§ãã
å¿çåŠè Abraham Maslow ã¯ã人éã«ã¯ããã©ããã«å±ãããããšããæ¬²æ±ããããšèª¬æããŸããã
ãããŠç¹ã«ææ¥æã§ã¯ãã誰ãšç¹ãã£ãŠããããããèªå·±èªèãã®ãã®ã«åŒ·ã圱é¿ããããšããããŸãã
ã€ãŸãä»åããå±éºãããããäžç·ã«ããå®å¿æãã®æ¹ããè³å ã§åªå ãããŠããããã«èŠããã
ããããã第1éšãæå€§ã®ç¹ããã§ããã
2. ãªãæªæå¹Žã®è³ã¯ãæå±ããåªå ããã®ã
ãããããããªãéèŠãªè©±ã«ãªããŸãã
ã第2éšãã§ã¯ããäºäººã ãã®äžçãã圢æãããŠããå¯èœæ§ã«ã€ããŠæŽçããŸããã
ã§ã¯ãªããæªæå¹Žã§ã¯ãããããéé空éã«é£²ã¿èŸŒãŸããããã®ã§ããããïŒ
ããã§éèŠã«ãªãã®ãããè³ã®çºéãã©ã³ã¹ãã§ãã
è³ç§åŠã§ã¯ãææ¥æã®è³ã¯ãå ±é ¬ç³»ïŒreward systemïŒãéåžžã«æŽ»æ§åããããäžæ¹ãåé åéïŒPrefrontal CortexïŒã¯ãŸã çºééäžã§ããããšãç¥ãããŠããŸãã
åé åéã¯ã
è¡åå¶åŸ¡
é·æçµæäºæž¬
ãªã¹ã¯è©äŸ¡
çŸå®æ€èšŒ
ãªã©ã«é¢ãããŸãã
äžæ¹ãå ±é ¬ç³»ã¯ã
åºæ¿
仲é
ç¹å¥æ
ã«åŒ·ãåå¿ããŸãã
ã€ãŸãææ¥æã§ã¯ããå±éºã ããæ¢ããããããã仲éãšå ±æã§ãããã®æ¹ããè³å å ±é ¬ãšããŠåŒ·ãåãããšããããŸãã
ç¹ã«ä»åã®ããã«ããäºäººã ãã®äžçãã圢æããããšããçŸå®ã®å±éºã
ããããé¢ä¿æ§ç¶æãã®æ¹ãåªå ããå§ããããšããããŸãã
ã€ãŸãããããã¯å±ãªãããšããå€éšçŸå®ããããç§ãã¡ã¯ç¹ãã£ãŠããããšããå éšçŸå®ã®æ¹ã匷ããªã£ãŠããããšãããªãéèŠã§ãã
3. ãçŸå®æãã¯ã©ããã£ãŠå£ããŠããã®ã
ä»åãå€ãã®æ¹ãæããã®ã¯ãããªããçŸå®æããªãããšããéåæã ã£ããšæããŸãã
äŸãã°ã
mugshot
jail
èŠå¯è»äž¡
ãšãã£ããæ¬æ¥ãªãéåžžã«éããã®ãããå ±æã€ãã³ããã®ããã«æ±ãããŠãã空æ°ããããŸããã
人éã®è³ã¯ãå®ã¯ãã客芳çŸå®ãã ãã§åããŠããŸããã
ãããããæå±éå£ã®çŸå®ãã«åŒ·ã圱é¿ãããŸãã
ã€ãŸãä»åããããã¯é倧äºä»¶ããšãã瀟äŒççŸå®ããããäºäººã§å ±æããŠãã空æ°ãã®æ¹ããè³å ã§åŒ·ãåŠçãããŠããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
ãããããçŸå®æã®æè£ãã®æ¬è³ªã§ãã
ãŸããå¿çåŠã§ã¯ãecho chamberïŒåé¿ç©ºéïŒããgroup polarizationïŒé壿¥µæ§åïŒãšããæŠå¿µããããŸãã
éé空éã§ã¯ã
åãæèŠ
åã䟡å€èг
åãããª
ã ããå¢å¹ ãããŠãããŸãã
ãããšããæ®éããå±ãªããããšããå€éšãã£ãŒãããã¯ã匱ããªããŸãã
ãã®çµæããçŸå®æããã®ãã®ããå°ããã€å€è³ªããŠããããšããããŸãã
4. affect mismatchïŒææ äžäžèŽïŒã®æ£äœ
ã第1éšãããç¹°ãè¿ãåºãŠãããaffect mismatchïŒææ äžäžèŽïŒãšãç¹ãããŸãã
ã€ãŸãä»åãã話ããŠããå 容ããšããææ ããŒã³ããäžèŽããŠããªãã
ã ããå€ãã®æ¹ã¯ãããªããæ°å³ãæªãããšæããã®ã ãšæããŸãã
ãã ãä»åéèŠãªã®ã¯ããææ ããªãããšåçŽåããªãããšã§ãã
ãããä»åèŠããŠããã®ã¯ããææ ã®åãå ãã§ãã
ã€ãŸããã被害è ãã§ã¯ãªãããäºäººã®æå±æãã«ãææ ãéäžããŠããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
ã ããããæ®ºå®³èšç»ããšããçŸå®ãããã鿥äŒè©±ãã®ãããªç©ºæ°ãåªå ãããŠããããã«èŠããã®ã ãšæããŸãã
ãããããã®éåæã®æ£äœãªã®ãããããŸããã
5. ãªããæªéåãã ãã§ã¯æµ ãã®ã
ããããäºä»¶ãèŠããšã人ã¯ã€ãã
æªé
ç°åžž
ãµã€ã³ãã¹
ã§çµããããããªããŸãã
ãã¡ãããè¡çºèªäœã¯éåžžã«å±éºã§ãã
ãã ãããããã§æèãæ¢ããŠããŸããšãããªãæ®éã®è³ãããããŸã§çŸå®æã倱ãå¯èœæ§ãããã®ãããèŠããªããªã£ãŠããŸãã
ä»åæ¬åœã«æãã®ã¯ããç¹æ®ãªæªãã ãã§ã¯ãããŸããã
ãããã
æå±
å€ç¬
éé空é
ç¹å¥æ
ããããçµã¿åãããããšã§ããçŸå®æãã®ãã®ããå€è³ªããŠããå¯èœæ§ã§ãã
ããããä»åããªãéèŠãªãã€ã³ãã ã£ãããã«æããŸãã
6. ãŸãšã
ãããŸã§ãæŽçããŸãã
ã第1éšã
ãªãç¬ã£ãŠããã®ãïŒ
âšãšããã®ã¯ãæå±æããåªå ãããŠããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
ãªããsame jailïŒãã ã£ãã®ãïŒ
âšãšããã®ã¯ãäºä»¶ãããããäžç·ã«ãããããããéèŠã ã£ãå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
ãªããæ¥œããããã«èŠããã®ãïŒ
âšãšããã®ã¯ãäºäººã ãã®ç©ºæ°ãã圢æãããŠããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
ã第2éšã
ãªãçŸå®æãèãã®ãïŒ
âšãšããã®ããçŸå®ãããããé¢ä¿æ§ããåªå ãããŠããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
ãªãå±éºããå ±æã³ã³ãã³ããåããã®ãïŒ
âšãšããã®ãéé空éã§äŸ¡å€èгãå¢å¹ ããŠããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
ã第3éšã
ã€ãŸãä»åèŠããŠããã®ã¯ããææ ããªããã§ã¯ãããŸããã
ãããããæå±æãçŸå®ãã£ãŒãããã¯ãäžæžãããŠããç¶æ ããªã®ãããããŸããã
ããããä»åæå€§ã®ç¹ããã«ãªããŸãã
7. æçµçµè«
ãããŸã§3éšã«ããã£ãŠã
æå±æ
äºäººã ãã®äžç
çŸå®æã®æè£
ãèŠãŠããŸããã
ãããŠåãä»åãäžçªéèŠã ãšæã£ãã®ã¯ãã人éã¯å®¢èгçŸå®ã ãã§çããŠããããã§ã¯ãªãããšããããšã§ãã
äººã¯æã«ããã©ãã«å±ããŠããããã«ãã£ãŠããäœãçŸå®ã«æãããããã®ãã®ãå€ãã£ãŠããããšããããŸãã
ç¹ã«ææ¥æã§ã¯ã
æå±
åºæ¿
ç¹å¥æ
ããå€æãææ åŠçã«åŒ·ã圱é¿ããããšããããŸãã
ã ããããä»åããäºä»¶ãããããäºäººã ãã®äžçãã®æ¹ãã匷ããªã£ãŠããããã«èŠããã
ããã«ããã®éåæã®æ£äœãããã®ãããããŸããã
ã€ãŸãä»åã®ããŒãã¯ããå±éºãªæªæå¹Žãã ãã§ã¯ãããŸããã
ããããã人ã¯ã©ããã£ãŠâçŸå®æâãã®ãã®ãæžãæããŠããŸãã®ãããšãããããªãæ·±ãããŒãã ã£ãããã«æããŸãã
åºå ž
Paul EkmanãEmotions Revealedã
Abraham MaslowãA Theory of Human Motivationã
John BowlbyãAttachment and Lossã
Albert BanduraãSocial Learning Theoryã
Daniel KahnemanãThinking, Fast and Slowã
Joseph LeDouxãThe Emotional Brainã
Laurence SteinbergãAge of Opportunityã
æåŸã«
ãããŸã§èªãã§ãã ããããããšãããããŸãïŒ
çããŸã®ãã¹ããããã©ããŒã倧ããªå±ã¿ã«ãªã£ãŠããŸãã
ããå°ãã§ãã圹ã«ç«ã£ãããé¢çœãã£ãããšæã£ãŠããã ãããããã²ãã¹ããããã©ããŒããé¡ãããŸãðââïž
ã¡ãŒã«çžè«ããã²ãæ€èšãã ãã
ãã
è¡åå¿ç
ä»èã®èªã¿åã
察人é¢ä¿
ã³ãã¥ãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³
ãªã©ã«ã€ããŠ
ãå°ãèããŠã¿ããããšãããã
ãšããæ¹ãããã£ããããŸããããã¡ãŒã«ã§ã®ãçžè«ããã²ãæ€èšãã ããã
ã§ããç¯å²ã«ã¯ãªããŸãããäžå¯§ã«å¯Ÿå¿ãããŠããã ããŸãã
ãã¬ãžã³
åå ãããŠããã ããŸãããã¬ãžã³ããã¡ãã§ãïŒ
æ¬åœã«ãããããã§ããããã®ãçžãä»åŸãšãïŒð
ããšããã¡ãã®èšäºãåãäžãããã ããŸããã®ã§æ¯éèªãã§èŠãŠãã ããð
ä»ã«ããã¡ãïŒ
âI rememberâŠâã®ãã€ã¯ïŒéšäœãšãªã£ãŠããã®ã§ãããã°æåããèªãã§ããã ããã°ãããããããšæããŸãã
ãã¡ããããããã§ãïŒ
ãã¡ããæ¯éïŒ
ããã«è©³ãããä»èã®èªã¿åããæ·±ããå³è§£ãã±ãŒã¹å¥å¯Ÿå¿ãåŠã³ããæ¹ã¯ææèšäºãã芧ãã ããð
â»ä»èãæ£ããçè§£ããèª€è§£ãæžãããªããâãããŠãªãâãšâçå¿âãæŽ»ããã察話ããããæ¹ã«ããããã§ãã
ãŸããã¿ãªãããå¥åº·ãšã身äœã«ã¯ãæ°ãã€ããŠãã ããã
ããã§ã¯ããŸããïŒïŒïŒ