ืœื“ืœื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืœืžืจื—ื‘

ืžืชื•ืš ื•ื™ืงื™ืคื“ื™ื”, ื”ืื ืฆื™ืงืœื•ืคื“ื™ื” ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช
ืœืžืจื—ื‘
LaMerhav
ืœื•ื’ื• ื”ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ
ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ืฉืจืืœ
ืžืขืจื›ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืจื™ื›ืช ื”ื ืชื•ืŸ ื‘ื•ื•ื™ืงื™ื ืชื•ื ื™ื
ืคื•ืจืžื˜ ื‘ืจื•ื“ืฉื™ื˜
ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช 2 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 1954 โ€“ 31 ื‘ืžืื™ 1971 (17 ืฉื ื™ื)
ืชื•ื›ืŸ
ืกื•ื’ื” ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช
ืฉืคื” ืขื‘ืจื™ืช
ื‘ืขืœื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื
ืžื•"ืœ ืœืžืจื—ื‘ ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ื™ื•ืžื™ ื‘ืข"ืž
ื‘ืขืœื™ื ืื—ื“ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืขืจื™ื›ืช ื”ื ืชื•ืŸ ื‘ื•ื•ื™ืงื™ื ืชื•ื ื™ื
ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจ ื•ื”ืคืฆื”
ืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ื™ื•ืžื™
ืœืขืจื™ื›ื” ื‘ื•ื•ื™ืงื™ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืžืฉืžืฉ ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ืชื‘ื ื™ืช

ืœืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื˜ืื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืžืคืœื’ืช ืื—ื“ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” - ืคื•ืขืœื™ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื™ืฆื ืœืื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ื 1954 ืขื“ 1971. ืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื‘ืŸ ื ื•ืจ, ืžืฉื” ื›ืจืžืœ, ืื‘ืจื”ื ืชืจืฉื™ืฉ ื•ื“ื•ื“ ืคื“ื”ืฆื•ืจ, ืืš ื”ืจื•ื— ื”ื—ื™ื”, ืงื•ื‘ืข ื”ืงื• ื”ืื™ื“ืื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ื•ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืืžืจื™ื ื”ืคืจื•ื’ืจืžื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื’ืœื™ืœื™.

ื”ื’ื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืขืช, ืฉื”ื•ื’ื“ืจ ื›"ื“ื•-ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื™", ื™ืฆื ื‘-2 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 1954, ืื•ืœื ื”ื—ืœ ืžื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 1954, ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ืคืจื“ื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืžืžืค"ื, ื”ืคืš ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืขืช ืœืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ื™ื•ืžื™. ืขื ื”ืงืžืช ืžืคืœื’ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื‘-1968 ืขื‘ืจื” ื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื‘ื• ืœื™ื“ื™ ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“. ื‘-31 ื‘ืžืื™ 1971 ื™ืฆื ื’ื™ืœื™ื•ื ื• ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื›ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™ ื•ืœืžื—ืจืช ื”ืชืžื–ื’ ืขื "ื“ื‘ืจ" (ื‘ื“ืฉ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœ "ื“ื‘ืจ" ื ื›ืชื‘ ืฉืžื• ื”ืจืฉืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ: "ื“ื‘ืจ - ืžืื•ื—ื“ ืขื ืœืžืจื—ื‘").

ื”ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืืจื‘ืขื” ืขืžื•ื“ื™ื ื•ื›ืžืขื˜ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื• ืชืฆืœื•ืžื™ื ืืœื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืื™ื•ืจื™ื.

ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ "ืœืžืจื—ื‘" ืžืœื‘ื“ ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ืžืคืœื’ืชื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืžื•ืกืฃ ื”ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ ืฉืœื• "ืžืฉื", ืฉืฆื•ืจืฃ ืœื• ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™. ืžืฉื ื™ืฆื ื›ื“ื•-ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™ ืž-1951, ื•ืžื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 1954, ืขื ื”ืคื™ืฆื•ืœ ื‘ืžืค"ื, ื”ืคืš ืœืžืกื•ื ืฃ ืœ"ืœืžืจื—ื‘". ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืžื™ื–ื•ื’ ืขื "ื“ื‘ืจ", ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืžืฉื ืœืฆืืช ื›ืžื“ื•ืจ ื‘ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ื–ื”.

ืืช "ืžืฉื" ืขืจืš ื‘ืžืฉืš ืจื•ื‘ ืฉื ื•ืชื™ื• ืื”ืจืŸ ืžื’ื“. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœืžื’ื“ ืขืจื›ื• ืืช "ืžืฉื" ื’ื ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืื ืŸ ื•ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืฆืœืืœ. ืžืฉื ืจื™ื›ื– ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื• ื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื• ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืืžื™ืจ ื’ืœื‘ืข, ื–ืจื•ื‘ื‘ืœ ื’ืœืขื“, ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื’ืœืื™, ืžืฉื” ืฉืžื™ืจ, ืžืชื™ ืžื’ื“, ื™ื’ืืœ ืžื•ืกื ื–ื•ืŸ, ื—ื™ื™ื ื’ื•ืจื™, ื ืชืŸ ืฉื—ื, ื—ื™ื™ื ื—ืคืจ, ืข. ื”ืœืœ, ื˜. ื›ืจืžื™, ื—ื ื•ืš ื‘ืจื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื“ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ืืžื•ืฅ, ื›ื•ืœื ืกื•ืคืจื™ ื“ื•ืจ ืชืฉ"ื— ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ื ืื™ื“ืื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืขืช ืœืžืคืœื’ื”. ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืชืชืคื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘"ืžืฉื" ื”ื™ื• ืจื ืขื‘ืจื•ืŸ (ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืงื•ืœื ื•ืข), ืื‘ืจื”ื ืขื•ื– (ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ), ืฆื‘ื™ ืกื ื•ื ื™ืช (ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”), ื’ื™ื˜ื” ืื‘ื™ื ื•ืจ (ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืกืคืจื•ืช) ื•ืžืฉื” ื ืชืŸ.

ืœืงืจื™ืื” ื ื•ืกืคืช

[ืขืจื™ื›ืช ืงื•ื“ ืžืงื•ืจ | ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื

[ืขืจื™ื›ืช ืงื•ื“ ืžืงื•ืจ | ืขืจื™ื›ื”]
ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืžื“ื™ื” ื•ืงื‘ืฆื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืœืžืจื—ื‘ ื‘ื•ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ