Chairel language

Chairel
Chairel
Chairen
ꯆꯥꯏꯔꯦꯜ/ꯆꯥꯏꯔꯦꯟ
	Classical Meetei Mayek script transliteration of the word "Chairen" and its variant "Chairel"
Native to	India
Region	Manipur
Ethnicity	assimilated into the Meitei ethnicity
Era	attested 1859
Language family	Sino-Tibetan Central Tibeto-Burman? Sal? Jingpho–Luish? Luish? Chairel; ; ; ; ;
Language codes
ISO 639-3	None (mis)
Glottolog	chai1254

This article contains the Meitei alphabet. Without proper rendering support, you may see errors in display.

Chairel (ꯆꯥꯏꯔꯦꯜ), also spelled as Chairen (ꯆꯥꯏꯔꯦꯟ), is an extinct Sino-Tibetan language of Manipur, India. It is preserved notably in a word list from 1859, alongside the Chakpa language. Chairel speakers have undergone linguistic shifting to Meitei language.^[1]

Classification

Benedict (1972) notes that the words sal 'sun' and phal 'fire' are shared with the Boro–Garo, Konyak, and Jingpho–Luish languages, which are said to constitute the Sal languages.^[2]

Matisoff (2013) argues that Chairel belongs to the Luish languages.^[3]

Huziwara (2014) argues that Chairel lacks important characteristics of other Luish languages, a position maintained in Huziwara (2020).^[4]

Van Driem (2014) accepts Chairel's placement within Jingpho–Luish (referred to in his paper as "Kachinic"), though is agnostic about Jingpho–Luish's relation to Boro–Garo and Konyak.^[5]

References

↑ McCulloch, W. (1859). Account of the Valley of Munnipore and of the Hill tribes with a comparative vocabulary of the Munnipore and other languages. Calcutta: Bengal Printing Company.
↑ Benedict, Paul K. (1972). Sino-Tibetan: A Conspectus (PDF). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 7. ISBN 978-0-521-08175-7.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
↑ Matisoff, James A. 2013. Re-examining the genetic position of Jingpho: putting flesh on the bones of the Jingpho/Luish relationship. Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area 36(2). 1–106.
↑ Huziwara, Keisuke. "On the genetic position of Chakpa within Luish languages". Himalayan Linguistics.
↑ ——— (2014), "Trans-Himalayan" (PDF), in Owen-Smith, Thomas; Hill, Nathan W. (eds.), Trans-Himalayan Linguistics: Historical and Descriptive Linguistics of the Himalayan Area, Berlin: de Gruyter, pp. 11–40, ISBN 978-3-11-031083-2, archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-07

Huziwara, Keisuke 藤原敬介 (2014). "A new look at the classification of the Chairel language チャイレル語の系統再考." Proceedings of The Linguistic Society of Japan 日本言語学会第148 回大会予稿集, 148:272-277.

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[1] McCulloch, W. (1859). Account of the Valley of Munnipore and of the Hill tribes with a comparative vocabulary of the Munnipore and other languages. Calcutta: Bengal Printing Company.

[2] Benedict, Paul K. (1972). Sino-Tibetan: A Conspectus (PDF). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 7. ISBN 978-0-521-08175-7.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[Matisoff2013-3] Matisoff, James A. 2013. Re-examining the genetic position of Jingpho: putting flesh on the bones of the Jingpho/Luish relationship. Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area 36(2). 1–106.

[4] Huziwara, Keisuke. "On the genetic position of Chakpa within Luish languages". Himalayan Linguistics.

[5] ——— (2014), "Trans-Himalayan" (PDF), in Owen-Smith, Thomas; Hill, Nathan W. (eds.), Trans-Himalayan Linguistics: Historical and Descriptive Linguistics of the Himalayan Area, Berlin: de Gruyter, pp. 11–40, ISBN 978-3-11-031083-2, archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-07

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