Isibhamu
Isibhamu siyisiklamo esiphokozisa isicitshwa ngokusebenzisa umfutho noma amandla okuqhuma. Izicitshwa zivame ukuba ezinqumile, kodwa zingaphinde zibe uketshezi olufuthelene (isib. Izinganono noma izibhamu zamanzi), noma uhowo (isib: isibhamu sohow esincane).Izicitshwa eziqinile zingase zindize ngokukhululekile (njengezinhlamvu or artillery shells) noma zibe ezikhulekiwe (njenge-Taser, izibhamu ze-speargun ne-harpoon). Izibhamu zohlamvu olukhulu sibizwa nangokuthi izinganono, kanti isibhamu esiphathwa ngesandla singabizwa ngokuthi izulu lezandla. Izibhamu zaziklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa kwezempi, kodwa zagcina zisetshenziswa nasekuzingeleni.
Izindlela zokuphokozisa isicitshwa ziyahlukahluka kuye ngemiklamo, kodwa ngokwenjwayelo zenziwa nge-pneumatic ngokusebenzisa umfutho ophakeme wehowo ophakathi kwethumbu lombhobho (Umbhobho wesibhamu), okhiqizwa ngokushiswa okusheshayo kwempokozisa (njengezulu lezandla noma inganono), noma ngokubuthaza kwenguxa (njengezibhamu zomoya). Uhowo olunomfutho ophakeme lifakwa ngemuva kwesicitshwa, ukuze usifuqe futhi usikhawulezise ukuze siphume ethunjini, usinikeze isivinini sokunyakula esanele ukuze siqhubeke nohambo lwayo oluya kwisingcibishe lapho uhowo olusiphokozisayo luyeka ukusebenza kuso ngemuva kokuphuma embhojeni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izikhali ezintsha ze-linera motro zingasebenzisa Inkundla yenzubawonga ukuze zithole isikhawuleziso, lapho-ke umbhobho ungase ufakelelwe iziqondisi (rail guns) noma usongwe ngezinkatha zewonga (coil guns).
Iziklamo zokuqala ezahlonzwa ngokuthi izibhamu noma izibhamu-zanguna zavela eShayina kusukela cishe ngo-AD 1000. Ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-13, zaziphenduke "izibhamu zangempela", zinemibhobho yenkimbi eyayidubula izicitshwa ezivalwe umbhobho. Ubuchwepheshe bomsizi wesibhamu nesibhamu basakazeka kulo lonke elase-Eurasia ngekhulu le-14.
Izinhlobo zezibhamu
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]firearm - izulu lezandla
handgun - umkhono wekati/ unyawo lenkukhu
revolver - ivolovolo
pistol - intshiza
long-gun - ugongolo
shotgun - uhlwayi
pumpgun - isampompo
rifle - inhlokohlela
assault rifle - umgaga
sniper rifle - isithukluza
breechloader - ingebe
muzzleloader - isithunqisa
semi-automatic - umazicobelela
automatic - esizishintshayo
