
日本昔話×英語 かぐや姫 レベル3(上級!!!)
はじめに
英語を「学習」するのではなく、物語の世界にひたって、もっとのびのびと「楽しく修得する」。
そんな“楽修(がくしゅう)”スタイルでお届けする、翻訳童話シリーズ。
今回は、日本の昔ばなし『かぐや姫』の難易度を少し上げたレベル3を作成しました!
難易度をあげたといっても、単語リストや文法の補足付きなので、まずは辞書なしで、ゆったりと英語の『かぐや姫』の世界に浸かってみてください🌱
読みながら、「へぇ〜こんな表現あるんだ」と思えたら、それだけでもう大成功です!
まずはChapter1から、ふんわり気楽に読んでみてくださいね。
🌙 Chapter1:
Long ago, in a secluded mountain village, there lived an old bamboo cutter and his wife. They had no children, but led a peaceful and humble life.
One day, while cutting bamboo in the forest, the old man noticed a single stalk glowing faintly.
Sensing something extraordinary, he split the bamboo open— and to his astonishment, a tiny girl, no bigger than his palm, appeared within.
Although startled, he believed it was a divine gift and hurried home with the child.
His wife received her with joy, and they named her Kaguya-hime, raising her lovingly as their own daughter.
✅ Chapter1 単語リスト
secluded : 人里離れた
humble : 質素な、控えめな
faintly : かすかに
astonishment : 驚き
divine : 神聖な
🔍 文法のちょこっと補足
■ なぜ "Long ago" で始めたの?
物語では "Once upon a time" もよく使われますが、 "Long ago" はより簡潔で大人向け、古典の語りにふさわしい雰囲気を持ちます。
■ 文法ポイント
there lived ~:倒置構文。"There was" よりも叙情的な表現として使われることがあります。
no bigger than:比較表現で "~と同じくらい小さい" という意味。
Although startled, ...:分詞構文。"驚いたけれど" を短く表現。
📝 確認テスト(Chapter1)
"secluded" の意味は?
"there lived an old bamboo cutter" の語順はなぜこの形?
"a girl no bigger than his palm" を言い換えると?
"Although startled, he believed..." を普通の文に書き直すと?
bamboo / glowing / noticed / stalk / man / the / the / old(並べ替え)
✅ テスト答え
人里離れた
倒置構文で雰囲気を出している("There was" よりも印象的)
She was very tiny. / She was as small as his palm.
Although he was startled, he believed it was a divine gift.
The old man noticed the glowing bamboo stalk.
🌙 Chapter2:
To their amazement, Kaguya-hime matured at an unnatural pace. Within days, she had grown into a stunning young woman whose beauty defied description.
Soon, word of her loveliness reached the imperial capital, and noblemen began to visit the humble house, each hoping to win her hand.
Among them were five of the most powerful men in the land, all determined to marry her.
Rather than accept or reject them outright, Kaguya-hime issued each man a near-impossible task:
The stone begging bowl of the Buddha
A branch of gold from the legendary Mount Hourai
A robe made from fire-rat fur that could not burn
A jewel from the neck of a dragon
A shell cradled in a swallow’s nest
Although they set out in earnest, none succeeded in bringing back the genuine item. Some resorted to deception, but all were eventually exposed. Thus, Kaguya-hime remained unmarried.
単語リスト(Chapter2)
matured : 成長した
unnatural : 不自然な
noblemen : 貴族たち
legendary : 伝説の
deception : ごまかし、だまし
🌙 Chapter3:
Time passed, and Kaguya-hime’s smile began to fade. She often sat gazing at the moon, a quiet sadness clouding her eyes.
At last, on a moonlit night, she revealed her secret:
“I am not of this world. I came from the Moon, and my people will soon come to take me back.”
Shocked and heartbroken, the old couple pleaded with her to stay.
Even the emperor, who had never met her but had fallen in love through letters, ordered his guards to protect her at all costs.
単語リスト(Chapter3)
gaze : 見つめる
reveal : 明かす
descend : 降りる、舞い降りる
plead : 懇願する
celestial : 天の、天空の
🌙 Chapter4:
On the appointed night, as the full moon illuminated the earth, a procession of celestial beings descended from the sky, bathed in radiant light.
The emperor’s soldiers drew their swords, but found themselves paralyzed, as if caught in a powerful spell.
Kaguya-hime stood between the two worlds, her eyes filled with tears.
She turned to the bamboo cutter and his wife, bowed deeply, and said:
“Thank you for your kindness. You gave me love, and a place to belong. I will treasure your memory forever.”
With that, she was enveloped in light, and returned to the Moon.
単語リスト(Chapter4)
illuminate : 照らす
procession : 行列
paralyze : 麻痺させる
bow : お辞儀をする
treasure : 大切にする
🌙 Chapter5:
Before leaving, Kaguya-hime left behind a letter for the emperor and a small vial containing the elixir of eternal life.
Overwhelmed by sorrow, the emperor could not bear the thought of living forever without her.
Instead, he climbed to the peak of the tallest mountain and ordered the elixir to be burned, hoping his feelings would reach the heavens.
It is said that smoke still rises from that place— the mountain now called Fuji, named after the word “fushi,” meaning immortality.
単語リスト(Chapter5)
elixir : 不老不死の薬
eternal : 永遠の
sorrow : 悲しみ
peak : 頂上
burn : 燃やす
🧠 Chapter2~5 文法のちょこっと補足
■ Chapter2 - "within days"(副詞句で期間を表す表現)
「within」は「〜以内に」という意味を持ちます。 "within days" は "数日以内に" という意味で、短期間で何かが起こることを表現します。
📌 例文:
She recovered within a week.(彼女は1週間以内に回復した)
Kaguya-hime matured within days.(かぐや姫は数日で成長した)
■ Chapter3 - "had fallen in love through letters"(過去完了形+throughの使い方)
"had fallen in love" は過去完了形で、「恋に落ちていた」という過去のある時点までに完了した出来事を表します。 "through letters" は「手紙を通じて」の意味で、手紙のやり取りによって感情が育ったことを表現。
📌 例文:
I had fallen in love with the story before watching the movie.(映画を見る前に物語に恋していた)
He had fallen in love through letters.(彼は手紙を通じて恋に落ちた)
■ Chapter4 - "as if caught in a powerful spell"(仮定法+受動態)
"as if" は「まるで〜のように」という仮定の表現。 "caught" は "catch" の過去分詞で、受動態の構造です。 この文では「まるで魔法にかかったかのように動けなかった」という比喩表現。
📌 例文:
He looked as if he had seen a ghost.(彼は幽霊を見たかのような顔をしていた)
The soldiers stood still, as if caught in a powerful spell.(兵士たちはまるで強い呪文にかかったように動けなかった)
■ Chapter5 - "hoping his feelings would reach the heavens"(分詞構文と仮定法)
"hoping" は現在分詞で、主節の主語と動作を共有し、"〜を願って" という意味を加えます。 また "would reach" は仮定法で、「届けばいいな」という非現実の願望を表現しています。
📌 例文:
He wrote a letter, hoping she would understand his heart.(彼は彼女が気持ちを理解してくれることを願いながら手紙を書いた)
He burned the elixir, hoping his feelings would reach the heavens.(彼はその気持ちが天に届くことを願いながら薬を燃やした)
🎯 総合確認テスト(全20問)
※語順、穴埋め、英作文、読解問題です!!
(並べ替え) the / in / girl / a / bamboo / the / inside / was
(単語) "matured" の意味は?
(英作文) 「彼はすぐに家へ帰った」
(読解) Why did the emperor burn the elixir?
(穴埋め) She often sat _____ at the moon.
(並べ替え) sword / their / drew / the / soldiers
(単語) "deception" の意味は?
(英作文) 「私たちは彼女を愛情を持って育てた」
(読解) What did Kaguya-hime leave for the emperor?
(穴埋め) A tiny girl appeared _____ the bamboo.
(並べ替え) the / peaked / mountain / emperor / climbed / to
(単語) "treasure" の意味は?
(英作文) 「その兵士たちは魔法にかかったように動けなかった」
(読解) Why did the noblemen fail to marry Kaguya-hime?
(穴埋め) The emperor could not _____ the thought of losing her.
(並べ替え) bowl / the / of / Buddha / begging / the / stone
(単語) "celestial" の意味は?
(英作文) 「私は彼女の手紙で恋に落ちた」
(読解) What does Mt. Fuji symbolize at the end of the story?
(穴埋め) She was _____ in light and returned to the Moon.
✅ テスト答え
A girl was inside the bamboo.
成長した
He hurried home.
Because he couldn’t live forever without her.
gazing
The soldiers drew their sword.
ごまかし、だまし
We raised her with love.
A letter and a vial of elixir.
from
The emperor climbed to the mountain peak.
大切にする、宝物
The soldiers couldn’t move, as if caught in a powerful spell.
Because they failed to bring back genuine items or cheated.
bear
the stone begging bowl of the Buddha
天の、天空の
I fell in love through her letters.
Immortality and eternal love.
enveloped
✏️ あとがき
ここまで読んでくださった方、本当にありがとうございます。
このnoteは、「英語を勉強としてではなく、物語を楽しみながら自然に身につけてほしい」という想いから生まれました。
そんな想いを込めて、 “楽修(がくしゅう)”――楽しみながら修得する――というスタイルで物語を届けていきたいと思っています。
「難しかった…」「よくわからなかった…」そんな方も、どうか落ち込まないでください。 チャレンジしたこと自体がすばらしい経験です。
読めなかったとしても、「何がわからなかったか」を考えたり、「調べてみよう」と思えたこと、それ自体が成長の証。
この作品を何度も何度も読み直してもいいし、いったんレベル2に戻ってもいい。 他の作品を読むのも、きっとあなたの力になります。
読者の皆さんの学びが、楽しく、実りあるものでありますように。
他の記事もぜひのぞいてみてくださいね🌱
👣 よければフォローやコメントなど、お気軽にどうぞ!