
ã第2éšãããã®èªããããŸãããªããïŒããéåæã¯ããã§åœ¢ã«ãªã
ã¿ãªããããã«ã¡ã¯ïŒ
è¡åå¿ç士ã®åã§ãã
仿¥ã¯æçš¿ãé
ããŠããŸã£ããã¿ãŸããð
æåŸãŸã§åŸ®èª¿æŽãéããŠããŸããããã
ãšããããã§ãæ¬ç·šãžç¶ããŸãïŒð
ã第1éšãã§ã¯ã劻ã®èªãã«ãããéåæããèŠãŠããŸããã
ãæ®éã ã£ãããšãã匷調
ææ ã®å®å®
èšèãšèº«äœã®ãºã¬
ãããŠãããã§1ã€ã®åããæ®ããŸãã
ãããäžæ¹ã®èªãã¯ã©ããªã®ãïŒã
åãåºæ¥äºãèªããããäžäººãã€ãŸã倫ã®èšŒèšã§ãã
ããããããèªãã®æ§é ããèªãã®ã質ããå€ãããŸãã
â ïžæ³šæâ ïž
ããã§ç޹ä»ããä»èã¯ãå¿ ãåãã€ããŠãã蚌æ ãã§ã¯ãªããæ¬é³ãã«ãã¿åºãå¯èœæ§ããããµã€ã³ã®äžäŸã§ãã
å¿çåŠè ããŒã«ã»ãšã¯ãã³ã®ç ç©¶ã§ã¯ãæãã»åã³ã»æ²ãã¿ã»ææã»é©ãã»å«æªãšãã£ãåºæ¬çãªè¡šæ ã¯æåãè¶ ããŠæ®éçã«èªèããããšãããŠããŸãã
ã€ãŸããã衚æ ãä»èã¯äººé¡å ±éã®æããããã§ãã
象城çã«ããã°ããçå®ã¯ãã¹ãŠã®äººã®é¡ã«å»ãŸããŠããããšã衚çŸã§ããŸãã
ãã ãç®çã¯ãçžæãçãããšãã§ã¯ãªããçžæãçè§£ããããããã³ãã¥ãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã«ã€ãªããâãããŠãªãâã§ãããçå¿ã倧äºã§ããããšãå¿ããŠã¯ãããŸããã
1ïŒå€«ã¯ã©ãèªã£ãã®ã
ãŸãéèŠãªã®ã¯ããäœãèµ·ããããã§ã¯ãªããã©ãèªãããããã§ãã
倫ã®èšŒèšã®æµãã¯ããã§ãã
åŽã®è¿ãã§ã®ããåã
劻ãè¿ã¥ã
æ¥è§Šãèµ·ãã
ãæŒãããæããããã
æ°ã¥ãããè·é¢ããã
ãã®èªãã«ã¯ç¹åŸŽããããŸãã
éåžžã«ãæŽçãããŠããã話ã§ãããšããããšã§ãã
æç³»åã綺éº
説æãæ»ãã
èãæãçè§£ãããã
ããã§äººã¯ããæããŸãã
 ããã£ã¡ã®æ¹ãèªç¶ã§ã¯ïŒã
ã§ãããããã«èœãšã穎ããããŸãã
ãçè§£ãããããã¯ãå¿ ããããäœéšã®ãªã¢ã«ããã§ã¯ãªããšããããšã§ãã
2ïŒæŽããããèªãã®éåæ
ããããæ·±ãèŠãŠãããŸãã
éåæâ ïŒãæããããšãã衚çŸ
 ãI felt a shoveã
ãã®äžèšã¯éåžžã«éèŠã§ãã
æ¬æ¥ã匷ãç©ççæ¥è§Šã¯
ãæŒãããã
ãçªãé£ã°ãããã
ãšãåäœãšããŠèªãããããšãå€ãã§ãã
ãããä»åã¯ãæèŠïŒfeltïŒãšããŠèªãããŠããã
ããã¯äœãæå³ããã®ãã
ããããã§ãããåºæ¥äºã®ã確å®ããé¿ããŠããå¯èœæ§ãèããããŸãã
éåæâ¡ïŒå ·äœæ§ã®ãæãèœã¡ã
èªãå šäœãèŠããšã
æ¹å
åã®åŒ·ã
身äœã®åã
ãšãã£ã身äœçãªãã£ããŒã«ãèãã§ãã
ããã¯ãªãããšãããšãåã¯äœéšã蟿ã£ãŠããªãå¯èœæ§ããããšèããŸããã
éåæâ¢ïŒèªãã®ãæ»ãããã
ãããäžçªéèŠã§ãã
人ãäœéšãèªããšãã
æãåºããªãã話ã
æç³»åãååŸãã
ææ ã§è©°ãŸã
ã€ãŸããäžåºŠè©±ãã厩ãããã®ãæ®éãªã®ã§ãã
ãããä»åã¯ã厩ããªãã
ããããæåããæåŸãŸã§å®æããŠãã話ã ãšèšããã§ãããã
ãŸãã§ãäžçš®ã®èæ¬ã®ããã«ã
劻ãšã®å¯Ÿæ¯ïŒæ§é ïŒ
ããã§ããããèŠããŠããŸãã
劻
ææ§
ãºã¬ããã
身äœå¯ã
倫
æç¢º
æ»ãã
èšèªå¯ã
ã©ã¡ããå®å šã§ã¯ãããŸããã
ã§ãéãã®ã¯ããã©ã®ã¬ã€ã€ãŒã§èªã£ãŠããããã§ãã
3ïŒè³ç§åŠããèŠããèªãã®ãºã¬ã
ããã§äžæ°ã«æ·±æãããŸãã
èšæ¶ã«ã¯2ã€ã®ã¢ãŒãããã
â ãšããœãŒãèšæ¶ïŒäœéšã®åçïŒ
海銬
ææ¡äœ
æèŠé
ãã®å ŽããåçŸãããæ©èœãåžããšããã§ãã
ç¹åŸŽïŒ
æèŠãå ·äœç
身äœãåã
è©°ãŸãããã
ãšãããã®ããããŸãã
â¡ æå³èšæ¶ã»åæ§æïŒèª¬æïŒ
åé åé
æ å ±ããæŽãããéã«äœ¿ãå Žæã§ãã
ç¹åŸŽïŒ
è©±ãæ»ãã
è«çç
äžè²«ããŠãã
ä»åã®ãã€ã³ã
倫ã®èªãã¯ãâ¡ã«åŒ·ãå¯ã£ãŠããŸãã
ã€ãŸããäœéšã®åçã§ã¯ãªãæå³ã®æ§ç¯ã«ãªã£ãŠããå¯èœæ§ãèããããã§ãããã
åã»æ§ç¯æã®è³ã®ç¹åŸŽ
ç ç©¶ã§ã¯ãåãåæ§ææã«
åé åéã®æŽ»åå¢å
èªç¥è² è·ã®äžæ
ã確èªãããŠããŸãã
ããã¯äœãçãããšãããšããèšèã¯æŽããã身äœãé ããããšããããšã§ãã
è¡åãšããŠã©ãåºãã
ãžã§ã¹ãã£ãŒãæžã
åŒåžãæµ ããªã
ãªãºã ãä¹±ãã
ã€ãŸããè³ã»èšèªã»èº«äœã®åæã厩ãããšãã話ã§ãã
ã第1éšããšã®æ¥ç¶
劻ïŒè»œããºã¬
å€«ïŒæ§é çãªãºã¬
ãšãã£ããããã®éšåã§éåæãã圢ãã«ãªããŸãã
ã第2éšããŸãšã
â èªããæŽçãããããŠãã
â¡ ãæãããã§ç¢ºå®ãé¿ãã
⢠身äœãã£ããŒã«ã匱ã
⣠æ§ç¯ã¢ãŒãã®èªã
†è³ãšèº«äœã®ãºã¬ãæ¡å€§
ããã§éèŠãªã®ã¯ããŸã çµè«ã§ã¯ãªããšããããšã
ãªããªãããã®è©±ã¯ã察æ¯ãã§å®æããããã§ãã
次åäºåïŒç¬¬3éšïŒ
ãããŸã§ã§ãããŒã¹ã¯æããŸããã
ã第3éšãã§ã¯ããã¹ãŠãéããŸãã
劻ã®èªã
倫ã®èªã
èšèª
身äœ
ãããŠèŠããŠããã®ã¯ãéåæã®æ£äœã§ãããçå®ã§ãã
ããã¯ããäœéšãèªã人ããšã説æãäœã人ãã
ã¿ãªãããæåã«æããããªããéãããããããèšèªåããŸãã
åºå ž
Paul Ekman (2003)ãEmotions Revealedã
Paul Ekman & Wallace V. Friesen (1978)ãFacial Action Coding System (FACS)ã
Joe Navarro (2008)ãWhat Every BODY Is Sayingã
Desmond Morris (1977)ãManwatchingã
Bessel van der Kolk (2014)ãThe Body Keeps the Scoreã
Endel Tulving (1972)ãEpisodic and semantic memoryã
Elizabeth Loftus & John C. Palmer (1974)ãReconstruction of automobile destruction: An example of the interaction between language and memory
Daniel Langleben et al. (2002)ãBrain activity during simulated deception: An event-related fMRI studyã
Joshua D. Greene et al. (2001)ãAn fMRI investigation of emotional engagement in moral judgmentã
Antoine Bechara et al. (1997)ãDeciding advantageously before knowing the advantageous strategyã
æåŸã«
ãããŸã§èªãã§ãã ããããããšãããããŸãïŒ
çããŸã®ãã¹ããããã©ããŒã倧ããªå±ã¿ã«ãªã£ãŠããŸãã
ããå°ãã§ãã圹ã«ç«ã£ãããé¢çœãã£ãããšæã£ãŠããã ãããããã²ãã¹ããããã©ããŒããé¡ãããŸãðââïž
ã¡ãŒã«çžè«ããã²ãæ€èšãã ãã
ãã
è¡åå¿ç
ä»èã®èªã¿åã
察人é¢ä¿
ã³ãã¥ãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³
ãªã©ã«ã€ããŠ
ãå°ãèããŠã¿ããããšãããã
ãšããæ¹ãããã£ããããŸããããã¡ãŒã«ã§ã®ãçžè«ããã²ãæ€èšãã ããã
ã§ããç¯å²ã«ã¯ãªããŸãããäžå¯§ã«å¯Ÿå¿ãããŠããã ããŸãã
ãã¬ãžã³
åå ãããŠããã ããŸãããã¬ãžã³ããã¡ãã§ãïŒ
æ¬åœã«ãããããã§ããããã®ãçžãä»åŸãšãïŒð
ããšããã¡ãã®èšäºãåãäžãããã ããŸããã®ã§æ¯éèªãã§èŠãŠãã ããð
ä»ã«ããã¡ãïŒ
âI rememberâŠâã®ãã€ã¯ïŒéšäœãšãªã£ãŠããã®ã§ãããã°æåããèªãã§ããã ããã°ãããããããšæããŸãã
ãã¡ããããããã§ãïŒ
ãã¡ããæ¯éïŒ
ããã«è©³ãããä»èã®èªã¿åããæ·±ããå³è§£ãã±ãŒã¹å¥å¯Ÿå¿ãåŠã³ããæ¹ã¯ææèšäºãã芧ãã ããð
â»ä»èãæ£ããçè§£ããèª€è§£ãæžãããªããâãããŠãªãâãšâçå¿âãæŽ»ããã察話ããããæ¹ã«ããããã§ãã
ãŸããã¿ãªãããå¥åº·ãšã身äœã«ã¯ãæ°ãã€ããŠãã ããã
ããã§ã¯ããŸããïŒïŒïŒ