reduce add-index worker count might stuck forever if add-index finish right before alter ddl job #59267

diff --git a/pkg/ddl/backfilling.go b/pkg/ddl/backfilling.go
index 9f3a720414..f91ced1a9b 100644
--- a/pkg/ddl/backfilling.go
+++ b/pkg/ddl/backfilling.go
@@ -837,6 +837,7 @@ func adjustWorkerCntAndMaxWriteSpeed(ctx context.Context, pipe *operator.AsyncPi
 		case <-ctx.Done():
 			return
 		case <-ticker.C:
+			failpoint.InjectCall("onUpdateJobParam")
 			maxWriteSpeed := job.ReorgMeta.GetMaxWriteSpeed()
 			if maxWriteSpeed != bcCtx.GetLocalBackend().GetWriteSpeedLimit() {
 				bcCtx.GetLocalBackend().UpdateWriteSpeedLimit(maxWriteSpeed)
@@ -876,7 +877,7 @@ func executeAndClosePipeline(ctx *OperatorCtx, pipe *operator.AsyncPipeline, job
 	}
 
 	err = pipe.Close()
-
+	failpoint.InjectCall("afterPipeLineClose")
 	cancel()
 	wg.Wait() // wait for adjustWorkerCntAndMaxWriteSpeed to exit
 	if opErr := ctx.OperatorErr(); opErr != nil {
diff --git a/pkg/ddl/job_worker.go b/pkg/ddl/job_worker.go
index 45e135d99c..3ec69b9d05 100644
--- a/pkg/ddl/job_worker.go
+++ b/pkg/ddl/job_worker.go
@@ -854,6 +854,7 @@ func (w *worker) runOneJobStep(
 					case <-stopCheckingJobCancelled:
 						return
 					case <-ticker.C:
+						failpoint.InjectCall("checkJobCancelled", job)
 						latestJob, err := sysTblMgr.GetJobByID(w.workCtx, job.ID)
 						if err == systable.ErrNotFound {
 							logutil.DDLLogger().Info(
diff --git a/tests/realtikvtest/addindextest1/disttask_test.go b/tests/realtikvtest/addindextest1/disttask_test.go
index edd8a420b6..2a6e993795 100644
--- a/tests/realtikvtest/addindextest1/disttask_test.go
+++ b/tests/realtikvtest/addindextest1/disttask_test.go
@@ -464,3 +464,35 @@ func TestAddIndexScheduleAway(t *testing.T) {
 	tk.MustExec("alter table t add index idx(b);")
 	require.NotEqual(t, int64(0), jobID.Load())
 }
+
+func TestSetThread(t *testing.T) {
+	store := realtikvtest.CreateMockStoreAndSetup(t)
+	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
+	tk.MustExec("use test")
+	tk.MustExec("set global tidb_enable_dist_task=0;")
+	tk.MustExec("create table t (c1 int primary key, c2 int)")
+	tk.MustExec("insert t values (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3);")
+	var updated bool
+	testfailpoint.EnableCall(t, "github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/ddl/checkJobCancelled", func(job *model.Job) {
+		if !updated && job.Type == model.ActionAddIndex && job.SchemaState == model.StateWriteReorganization {
+			updated = true
+			fmt.Println("TEST-LOG: set thread=1")
+			tk2 := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
+			tk2.MustExec(fmt.Sprintf("admin alter ddl jobs %d thread = 1", job.ID))
+		}
+	})
+	pipeClosed := atomic.Bool{}
+	testfailpoint.EnableCall(t, "github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/ddl/afterPipeLineClose", func() {
+		fmt.Println("TEST-LOG: start sleep")
+		pipeClosed.Store(true)
+		time.Sleep(5 * time.Second)
+		fmt.Println("TEST-LOG: end sleep")
+	})
+	testfailpoint.EnableCall(t, "github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/ddl/onUpdateJobParam", func() {
+		for !pipeClosed.Load() {
+			time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
+		}
+		fmt.Println("TEST-LOG: proceed update param")
+	})
+	tk.MustExec("alter table t add index idx(c2)")
+}