嵌入式Linux之RK3399：内核buildroot的emmc-img编译原理(一)

关注

原创最新推荐文章于 2026-02-26 03:10:29 发布 2.5k 阅读 AI 写同款· GEO 优化 ›

rk3128 通过自带buildroot打包开发板根文件系统，重做自己的img镜像对rk3128要生成自己的qt镜像文件据说这样才方便大批量的烧录打包分析根据九鼎里面带有的编译脚本,把自定义的uboot,kernel,rootfs进行替换,用他的脚本就能打包了他自己也是这样做的,我们只要qt,就把庞大的andriod去掉因为kernel 和 uboot 已经做好了,那么自定义的就是 rootfs文件系统找到roofs文件系统所在编译roofs 根据下面的判断,把解压之前的文件进行修改就行了那么出来的文件就是这个重新做自己的rootfs镜像准备博主在桌面建立了阅读详情

一、脚本分析

在sdk的根目录下有自动化脚本build.sh，build.sh里面定义了emmc-img的功能函数。

function build_emmcimg() {
    local IMG=
    local ROOTFS=
#如果OSNAME未定义，则定义为buildroot
    if [ -z ${OS_NAME} ]; then
        OS_NAME=buildroot
    fi
    if [ x${OS_NAME} = xbuildroot ]; then
        IMG=rk3399-eflasher-buildroot-linux-4.4-arm64-$(date +%Y%m%d).img
        ROOTFS=${TOP_DIR}/buildroot/output/rockchip_rk3399/images/rootfs.ext2
    elif [ x${OS_NAME} = xdebian ]; then
        IMG=rk3399-eflasher-debian9-4.4-armhf-$(date +%Y%m%d).img
        ROOTFS=${TOP_DIR}/rootfs/binary
    else
        echo "Unknow OS: ${OS_NAME}"
        exit 1
    fi
    prepare_image_for_friendlyelec_eflasher ${OS_NAME} ${ROOTFS} && (cd ${SDFUSE_DIR} && ./mk-emmc-image.sh ${OS_NAME}) && {
        echo "-----------------------------------------"
        echo "Run the following for sdcard install:"
        echo "    dd if=out/${IMG} of=/dev/sdX bs=1M"
        echo "-----------------------------------------"
    }
}

显然，在emmc-img函数里面真正起作用的是prepare_image_for_friendlyelec_eflasher函数，该函数同样在build.sh里面定义。

function copy_and_verify(){
	if [ ! -f $1 ]; then
        echo "not found: $1"
		echo "$3"
		exit 1
	fi
	cp $1 $2
}  
function prepare_image_for_friendlyelec_eflasher(){
    local OS_DIR=$1
    local ROOTFS=$2
    ###如果pwd/friendlyelec/rk3399/sd-fuse_rk3399/buildroot目录不存在就创建一个
    if [ ! -d ${SDFUSE_DIR}/${OS_DIR} ]; then
        mkdir ${SDFUSE_DIR}/${OS_DIR}
    fi
    ###存在就清空目录下已经存在的文件
    rm -rf ${SDFUSE_DIR}/${OS_DIR}/*

    ###############################
    ###将已经编译出来的img文件重命名并拷贝到${SDFUSE_DIR}/${OS_DIR}####
    ###############################
    copy_and_verify $TOP_DIR/u-boot/rk3399_loader_v1.22.119.bin ${SDFUSE_DIR}/${OS_DIR}/MiniLoaderAll.bin "error: please build uboot first."
    copy_and_verify $TOP_DIR/u-boot/uboot.img ${SDFUSE_DIR}/${OS_DIR} "error: please build uboot first."
    copy_and_verify $TOP_DIR/u-boot/trust.img ${SDFUSE_DIR}/${OS_DIR} "error: please build uboot first."
    copy_and_verify $TOP_DIR/kernel/kernel.img ${SDFUSE_DIR}/${OS_DIR} "error: please build kernel first."
    copy_and_verify $TOP_DIR/kernel/resource.img ${SDFUSE_DIR}/${OS_DIR} "error: please build kernel first."

    ###############################
    ######## ramdisk      ########
    ###SDFUSE_DIR=pwd/friendlyelec/rk3399/sd-fuse_rk3399
    ###############################
    copy_and_verify ${SDFUSE_DIR}/prebuilt/idbloader.img ${SDFUSE_DIR}/${OS_DIR} ""
    copy_and_verify ${SDFUSE_DIR}/prebuilt/boot.img ${SDFUSE_DIR}/${OS_DIR} ""

    ###############################
    ######## custom rootfs ########
    ###############################
    FA_TMP_DIR=$TOP_DIR/friendlyelec/tmp-rootfs
    rm -rf $FA_TMP_DIR
    mkdir -p $FA_TMP_DIR

    if [ -f ${ROOTFS} ]; then
        mkdir -p $FA_TMP_DIR/mnt
        copy_and_verify ${ROOTFS} $FA_TMP_DIR/rootfs-org.img "error: please build rootfs first."
        mount -t ext4 -o loop $FA_TMP_DIR/rootfs-org.img $FA_TMP_DIR/mnt
        mkdir $FA_TMP_DIR/rootfs
        cp -af $FA_TMP_DIR/mnt/* $FA_TMP_DIR/rootfs
        umount $FA_TMP_DIR/mnt
        rm -rf $FA_TMP_DIR/mnt
    elif [ -d ${ROOTFS} ]; then
        mkdir $FA_TMP_DIR/rootfs
        echo "Coping rootfs ..."
        cp -af ${ROOTFS}/* $FA_TMP_DIR/rootfs
        clean_device_files $FA_TMP_DIR/rootfs
    else
        echo "error: please build rootfs first."
        exit 1
    fi

    cat << 'EOL' > $FA_TMP_DIR/rootfs/etc/fstab
    # <file system>                 <mount pt>              <type>          <options>               <dump>  <pass>
    proc                            /proc                   proc            defaults                0       0
    devpts                          /dev/pts                devpts          defaults,gid=5,mode=620 0       0
    tmpfs                           /dev/shm                tmpfs           mode=0777               0       0
    tmpfs                           /tmp                    tmpfs           mode=1777               0       0
    tmpfs                           /run                    tmpfs           mode=0755,nosuid,nodev  0       0
    sysfs                           /sys                    sysfs           defaults                0       0
    debug                           /sys/kernel/debug       debugfs         defaults                0       0
    pstore                          /sys/fs/pstore          pstore          defaults                0       0
EOL

    #kernel modules
    KER_MODULES_OUTDIR=/tmp/output_rk3399_kmodules
    mkdir -p $FA_TMP_DIR/rootfs/lib/modules
    if [ -d $KER_MODULES_OUTDIR/lib/modules ]; then
        cp -af $KER_MODULES_OUTDIR/lib/modules/* $FA_TMP_DIR/rootfs/lib/modules/
    else
        echo "error: please build kernel first."
        exit 1
    fi

    #fs-overlay
    rsync -a --exclude='.git' $TOP_DIR/friendlyelec/rk3399/fs-overlay-64/* $FA_TMP_DIR/rootfs/

    # oem
    [ -d $FA_TMP_DIR/rootfs/oem ] || mkdir $FA_TMP_DIR/rootfs/oem
    cp -af $TOP_DIR/device/rockchip/oem/oem_normal/* $FA_TMP_DIR/rootfs/oem
    # userdata
    [ -d $FA_TMP_DIR/rootfs/userdata ] || mkdir $FA_TMP_DIR/rootfs/userdata
    cp -af $TOP_DIR/device/rockchip/userdata/userdata_normal/* $FA_TMP_DIR/rootfs/userdata

    # misc
    rm -f $FA_TMP_DIR/rootfs/misc
    mkdir $FA_TMP_DIR/rootfs/misc

    # remove /dev/console
    rm -f $FA_TMP_DIR/rootfs/dev/console


    MKFS=${SDFUSE_DIR}/tools/make_ext4fs
    ROOT=${FA_TMP_DIR}/rootfs

    # calc image size
    ROOTFS_SIZE=`du -s -B 1 ${ROOT} | cut -f1`
    MAX_IMG_SIZE=7100000000
    TMPFILE=`tempfile`
    ${MKFS} -s -l ${MAX_IMG_SIZE} -a root -L rootfs /dev/null ${ROOT} > ${TMPFILE}
    IMG_SIZE=`cat ${TMPFILE} | grep "Suggest size:" | cut -f2 -d ':' | awk '{gsub(/^\s+|\s+$/, "");print}'`
    cat $TMPFILE
    rm -f ${TMPFILE}

    if [ ${ROOTFS_SIZE} -gt ${IMG_SIZE} ]; then
            pt_error "IMG_SIZE less than ROOTFS_SIZE, why?"
            exit 1
    fi

    # make rootfs.img
    ${MKFS} -s -l ${IMG_SIZE} -a root -L rootfs $FA_TMP_DIR/rootfs.img ${ROOT}
    copy_and_verify $FA_TMP_DIR/rootfs.img ${SDFUSE_DIR}/${OS_DIR}/rootfs.img " "
    rm -rf $FA_TMP_DIR

    # fill size to parameter.txt and partmap.txt
    ROOTFS_PARTITION_SIZE=`printf "0x%X" $(($IMG_SIZE/512))`
    ROOTFS_PARTITION_ADDR=0x00030000
    USERDATA_PARTITION_ADDR=`printf "0x%X" $((${ROOTFS_PARTITION_ADDR}+${ROOTFS_PARTITION_SIZE}))`

    ###############################
    ######## parameter.txt ########
    ###############################
cat > ${SDFUSE_DIR}/${OS_DIR}/parameter.txt << EOL
FIRMWARE_VER: 6.0.1
MACHINE_MODEL: RK3399
MACHINE_ID: 007
MANUFACTURER: RK3399
MAGIC: 0x5041524B
ATAG: 0x00200800
MACHINE: 3399
CHECK_MASK: 0x80
PWR_HLD: 0,0,A,0,1
#KERNEL_IMG: 0x00280000
#FDT_NAME: rk-kernel.dtb
#RECOVER_KEY: 1,1,0,20,0
#in section; per section 512(0x200) bytes
CMDLINE: root=/dev/mmcblk1p7 rw rootfstype=ext4 data=/dev/mmcblk1p8 consoleblank=0 mtdparts=rk29xxnand:0x00002000@0x00002000(uboot),0x00002000@0x00004000(trust),0x00002000@0x00006000(misc),0x00006000@0x00008000(resource),0x00010000@0x0000e000(kernel),0x00010000@0x0001e000(boot),${ROOTFS_PARTITION_SIZE}@0x00030000(rootfs),-@${USERDATA_PARTITION_ADDR}(userdata)

EOL

    mkdir -p ${SDFUSE_DIR}/${OS_DIR}/sd-boot
    ##########################################################
    ######## param4sd.txt (parameter.txt for sd-boot) ########
    ##########################################################
cat > ${SDFUSE_DIR}/${OS_DIR}/sd-boot/param4sd.txt << EOL
FIRMWARE_VER: 6.0.1
MACHINE_MODEL: RK3399
MACHINE_ID: 007
MANUFACTURER: RK3399
MAGIC: 0x5041524B
ATAG: 0x00200800
MACHINE: 3399
CHECK_MASK: 0x80
PWR_HLD: 0,0,A,0,1
#KERNEL_IMG: 0x00280000
#FDT_NAME: rk-kernel.dtb
#RECOVER_KEY: 1,1,0,20,0
#in section; per section 512(0x200) bytes
CMDLINE: root=/dev/mmcblk0p1 rw rootfstype=ext4 data=/dev/mmcblk0p2 consoleblank=0 mtdparts=rk29xxnand:0x00002000@0x00002000(uboot),0x00002000@0x00004000(trust),0x00002000@0x00006000(misc),0x00006000@0x00008000(resource),0x00010000@0x0000e000(kernel),0x00010000@0x0001e000(boot),${ROOTFS_PARTITION_SIZE}@0x00030000(rootfs),-@${USERDATA_PARTITION_ADDR}(userdata)

EOL

    ROOTFS_PARTITION_SIZE=`printf "0x%X" ${IMG_SIZE}`
    ROOTFS_PARTITION_ADDR=0x6000000
    USERDATA_PARTITION_ADDR=`printf "0x%X" $((${ROOTFS_PARTITION_ADDR}+${ROOTFS_PARTITION_SIZE}))`

    #########################################
    ######## partmap.txt for sd-boot ########
    #########################################
cat > ${SDFUSE_DIR}/${OS_DIR}/sd-boot/partmap.txt << EOL
flash=mmc,1:loader:idb:0x8000,0x280000:idbloader.img;
flash=mmc,1:env:env:0x3F8000,0x8000;
flash=mmc,1:parm:parm:0x400000,0x0400000:param4sd.txt;
flash=mmc,1:uboot:raw:0x800000,0x0400000:uboot.img;
flash=mmc,1:trust:raw:0xC00000,0x0400000:trust.img;
flash=mmc,1:misc:raw:0x1000000,0x0400000;
flash=mmc,1:resc:raw:0x1400000,0x0C00000:resource.img;
flash=mmc,1:kern:raw:0x2000000,0x2000000:kernel.img;
flash=mmc,1:boot:raw:0x4000000,0x2000000:boot.img;
flash=mmc,1:rootfs:ext4:0x6000000,${ROOTFS_PARTITION_SIZE}:rootfs.img;
flash=mmc,1:userdata:ext4:${USERDATA_PARTITION_ADDR},0x0:userdata.img;

EOL

    # gen empty userdata.img
    if [ ! -f ${SDFUSE_DIR}/${OS_DIR}/userdata.img ]; then
        USERDATA_SIZE=104857600
        TMPDIR=`mktemp -d`
        ${MKFS} -s -l ${USERDATA_SIZE} -a root -L userdata ${SDFUSE_DIR}/${OS_DIR}/userdata.img ${TMPDIR}
        rm -rf ${TMPDIR}
    fi
}

1）

在prepare_image_for_friendlyelec_eflasher函数中，kernel编译出来的boot.img不能用，而是选择${SDFUSE_DIR}/prebuilt/boot.img。

2）

创建分区文件的操作是
cat > $ {SDFUSE_DIR}/$ {OS_DIR}/parameter.txt << EOL
…
EOL
显然可以改变的只有根文件的大小ROOTFS_PARTITION_SIZE和userdata分区起始地址USERDATA_PARTITION_ADDR。
如果是自己编译的根文件系统，需要修改ROOTFS_PARTITION_SIZE的大小，然后对应修改USERDATA_PARTITION_ADDR的值。