Salesforce Testing Interview Questions with Answers

Salesforce testing ensures that Salesforce applications work correctly, satisfy business requirements, and provide a reliable user experience. It helps verify workflows, integrations, and customizations before deployment. With the growing adoption of Salesforce CRM, skilled Salesforce testers are highly in demand.

• Ensures application quality, reliability, and security.
• Includes functional, integration, regression, and automation testing.
• Helps detect defects early and supports smooth business operations.

Salesforce Testing Interview Questions For Freshers

1. What is Salesforce Testing, and why is it important?

Salesforce testing is the process of verifying and validating that a Salesforce application functions correctly and meets business requirements before it is deployed to production. It involves testing both standard Salesforce features and custom implementations, such as custom objects, validation rules, Flows, Apex triggers, Lightning components, integrations, and security settings. The objective is to ensure that the application is reliable, secure, and delivers the expected user experience.

Salesforce testing is important because it helps to:

• Ensure business requirements are implemented correctly.
• Detect and fix defects before production deployment.
• Validate both standard and custom Salesforce functionality.
• Verify workflows, Flows, Apex triggers, and other automation processes.
• Ensure data integrity and consistency across Salesforce objects.

2. Explain the difference between Manual and Automated Testing in Salesforce.

Manual testing and automated testing are two approaches used to verify the functionality and quality of Salesforce applications. Manual testing is performed by testers without using automation tools, while automated testing uses scripts and testing tools to execute test cases automatically

3. What are the different types of Salesforce Testing?

Salesforce testing includes multiple types of testing to verify that the application functions correctly, integrates with external systems, performs efficiently, and meets business requirements.

• Unit Testing: Tests individual Apex classes, Apex triggers, and methods to ensure they work correctly. It is primarily performed by developers.
• Functional Testing: Verifies that standard and custom Salesforce features, such as objects, validation rules, Flows, page layouts, and business processes, function according to requirements.
• Integration Testing: Ensures that Salesforce integrates correctly with external systems, APIs, middleware, and third-party applications, with accurate data exchange.
• Regression Testing: Confirms that new changes, customizations, or updates do not affect existing functionality.
• User Acceptance Testing (UAT): Performed by business users to validate that the Salesforce application meets business requirements before production deployment.
• Performance Testing: Evaluates the application's response time, scalability, and stability under different user loads and data volumes.

4. What are the common tools used for Salesforce Testing?

Salesforce testing involves a combination of automation, API, performance, and DevOps tools to validate the functionality, reliability, security, and performance of Salesforce applications. The choice of tool depends on the project's requirements, testing strategy, and level of customization.

• Selenium: An open-source automation tool used to automate Salesforce web applications across different browsers.
• Postman: Used for API testing to validate REST and SOAP APIs integrated with Salesforce.
• JMeter: Used for performance and load testing to evaluate the application's scalability and response time.
• Jenkins: A CI/CD tool that automates the execution of Salesforce test suites during continuous integration and deployment.
• Provar: A Salesforce-specific automation testing tool designed to test standard and custom Salesforce applications with minimal scripting.

5. How do you test Salesforce applications?

Testing a Salesforce application involves validating that both standard and custom functionalities work correctly, meet business requirements, and do not impact existing processes. A structured testing approach helps ensure application quality, data integrity, security, and a seamless user experience before deployment.

• Understand Requirements: Review business requirements, user stories, and acceptance criteria.
• Create Test Cases: Prepare positive, negative, and boundary test scenarios.
• Set Up the Test Environment: Use a Salesforce Sandbox with appropriate test data.
• Execute Functional Testing: Validate standard and custom objects, validation rules, Flows, Apex triggers, page layouts, and business processes.
• Verify Security: Test profiles, roles, permission sets, field-level security, and sharing rules.
• Test Integrations: Verify APIs and third-party system integrations to ensure accurate data exchange.
• Perform Regression Testing: Ensure new changes do not affect existing functionality.
• Report and Retest Defects: Log defects, verify fixes, and confirm the application is ready for production.

6. What is Apex?

Apex is Salesforce's proprietary, object-oriented programming language used to implement custom business logic on the Salesforce platform. It is similar to Java and runs on Salesforce servers.

• Used to create Apex classes, Apex triggers, and REST/SOAP web services.
• Helps implement complex business logic that cannot be achieved using declarative tools like Flows or validation rules.
• As a tester, you should verify that Apex code executes correctly and does not affect existing functionality.

7. What is Visualforce?

Visualforce is a Salesforce framework used to create custom user interfaces that extend the standard Salesforce functionality. It uses a tag-based markup language similar to HTML and integrates with Apex controllers.

• Used to build custom web pages and user interfaces in Salesforce.
• Works with Apex controllers to display and process data.
• Commonly used when standard Salesforce pages cannot meet complex business requirements.

8. How do you test custom code in Salesforce?

To test custom code in Salesforce, I verify that custom components such as Apex classes, Apex triggers, Visualforce pages, Lightning components, and Flows work according to business requirements and do not affect existing functionality.

• Validate Business Logic: Verify that custom code executes correctly for positive, negative, and boundary test scenarios.
• Verify Data and Integrations: Ensure data is processed correctly and validate integrations with APIs and external systems.
• Perform Regression Testing: Confirm that new code changes do not impact existing functionality, security, or business processes.

9. What are Salesforce Governor Limits?

Salesforce Governor Limits are runtime limits enforced by Salesforce to ensure that no single application or Apex transaction consumes excessive system resources in its multi-tenant environment. These limits help maintain platform performance, stability, and fair resource usage for all users.

• Limit the use of resources such as SOQL queries, DML operations, CPU time, heap size, and callouts.
• Prevent inefficient or excessive code from affecting other applications on the platform.
• Developers must write optimized Apex code to stay within these limits and avoid runtime exceptions.

10. How do you handle Salesforce Governor Limits in testing?

To handle Salesforce Governor Limits during testing, I ensure that the code is tested under realistic and bulk-processing scenarios to verify that it stays within Salesforce's execution limits.

• Write bulk test cases that process multiple records (up to 200) to verify the code works efficiently within governor limits.
• Use Test.startTest() and Test.stopTest() to reset governor limits and accurately test asynchronous operations such as Queueable, Future, and Batch Apex.
• Avoid SOQL queries and DML operations inside loops by using bulkified code.
• Use the Limits class (for example, Limits.getQueries() and Limits.getDmlStatements()) to monitor resource usage during test execution.
• Create efficient test data and ensure the code remains within Salesforce Governor Limits to prevent runtime exceptions.

11. What is Salesforce Sandbox?

A Salesforce Sandbox is a copy of the production environment used for development, testing, and training without affecting live business data. It provides a safe environment to test new features, customizations, and bug fixes before deploying them to production.

• Used to develop, test, and validate changes safely before production deployment.
• Helps identify and fix defects without impacting live users or data.
• Common types include Developer, Developer Pro, Partial Copy, and Full Sandbox.

12. What are the different types of Sandboxes in Salesforce?

Salesforce provides different types of Sandboxes to support development, testing, and training. Each type differs in storage capacity and the amount of production data it contains.

• Developer Sandbox: Contains metadata only and is used for development and unit testing.
• Developer Pro Sandbox: Similar to Developer Sandbox but provides more storage for development and testing.
• Partial Copy Sandbox: Contains metadata and a sample of production data, making it suitable for integration testing, UAT, and training.
• Full Sandbox: A complete copy of production, including all metadata and data, used for performance testing, regression testing, and final user acceptance testing before deployment.

13. Explain the use of Developer Sandbox.

A Developer Sandbox is a copy of the production environment that contains metadata only (no production data). It is primarily used by developers and testers for development, unit testing, and validating small changes without affecting the live application.

• Used for development, unit testing, and bug fixing.
• Contains metadata only and has limited storage.
• Ideal for testing individual features and customizations before moving to higher sandbox environments.

14. What is a Full Copy Sandbox?

A Full Copy Sandbox is a complete replica of the production environment that includes all metadata, records, files, and attachments. It is used for comprehensive testing before deploying changes to production.

• Contains all production metadata and data, making it the most complete sandbox type.
• Used for regression testing, performance testing, integration testing, and User Acceptance Testing (UAT).
• Provides a production-like environment to validate applications before deployment.

15. How do you refresh a Salesforce Sandbox?

Refreshing a Salesforce Sandbox updates it with the latest metadata and, depending on the sandbox type, production data. This ensures the sandbox reflects the current production environment for accurate development and testing.

• Go to Setup → Sandboxes, select the sandbox, and click Refresh.
• Choose the required refresh options and wait for the refresh process to complete.
• After the refresh, activate the sandbox and verify that the latest metadata and data are available for testing.

16. What is the difference between Production and Sandbox environments in Salesforce?

Production and Sandbox are two different Salesforce environments. Production is the live environment used by end users for daily business operations, while a Sandbox is a copy of the production environment used for development, testing, and training without affecting live data.

17. What is SOQL?

SOQL (Salesforce Object Query Language) is a query language used to retrieve data from Salesforce objects. It is similar to SQL but is specifically designed to query data stored in the Salesforce platform.

• Used to retrieve records from standard and custom Salesforce objects.
• Supports filtering, sorting, and retrieving related object data.
• Commonly used in Apex classes, Apex triggers, Visualforce pages, and Lightning components.

18. How do you write a test class in Apex?

An Apex test class is used to verify that Apex code works correctly and meets Salesforce deployment requirements. It contains test methods that execute the code and validate the expected results.

• Create a test class using the @isTest annotation and write test methods to execute the Apex code.
• Use assert statements to compare the actual results with the expected results.
• Ensure the test class provides at least 75% code coverage, which is required for deployment to production.

19. What is a Test Suite in Salesforce?

A Test Suite in Salesforce is a collection of Apex test classes that are grouped together and executed as a single unit. It helps simplify test execution and ensures multiple related tests are run efficiently.

• Groups multiple Apex test classes into a single executable suite.
• Used to run related tests together before deployment or after code changes.
• Helps improve test management and supports regression testing.

20. How do you use the Salesforce Test Runner?

The Salesforce Test Runner is used to execute and manage Apex test classes, helping ensure code quality and successful deployment to production.

• Navigate to Setup, then search for Apex Test Execution in the Quick Find box.
• Select the required test classes or test suite, and click Run to execute the tests.
• Review the test results, including pass/fail status, errors, and code coverage, and fix any issues before deployment.

21. What is the purpose of the Test.startTest() and Test.stopTest() methods in Salesforce?

Test.startTest() and Test.stopTest() are Apex testing methods used to reset Salesforce Governor Limits and accurately test asynchronous operations such as Future methods, Queueable Apex, Batch Apex, and Scheduled Apex.

• Test.startTest() resets governor limits and marks the beginning of the actual test execution.
• Test.stopTest() executes all pending asynchronous processes and marks the end of the test.
• These methods help ensure accurate test results and proper validation of Apex code.

22. What is Code Coverage?

Code Coverage is the percentage of Apex code that is executed by test classes during testing. Salesforce requires a minimum of 75% code coverage across Apex code before it can be deployed to the production environment.

• Measures how much of the Apex code is tested by test classes.
• A minimum of 75% code coverage is required for deployment to production.
• Higher code coverage helps improve code quality and ensures that custom functionality is thoroughly tested.

23. How do you ensure high code coverage in Salesforce?

To ensure high code coverage in Salesforce, I write comprehensive Apex test classes that execute all business logic, validate expected outcomes, and cover different execution paths. This helps achieve Salesforce's minimum 75% code coverage requirement for production deployment.

• Write comprehensive Apex test classes that cover all methods, branches, and execution paths.
• Test positive, negative, boundary, and bulk scenarios to validate different outcomes.
• Use System.assert() statements to verify expected results, not just execute the code.
• Create realistic test data using @TestSetup methods or Test Data Factory classes to avoid duplication.
• Use Test.startTest() and Test.stopTest() to test asynchronous operations and reset governor limits.
• Ensure Apex triggers and classes are bulk-tested by processing multiple records.
• Test exception handling by validating expected exceptions and error conditions.
• Keep code modular and reusable, making it easier to write and maintain comprehensive test cases.

24. What are Salesforce Best Practices for Writing Test Classes?

Writing effective Apex test classes helps ensure code quality, reliable deployments, and compliance with Salesforce's code coverage requirements.

• Write independent test classes using the @isTest annotation and create your own test data instead of relying on existing organization data.
• Cover positive, negative, boundary, and bulk test scenarios, and use System.assert() statements to validate expected results.
• Use Test.startTest() and Test.stopTest() to test asynchronous code, and ensure at least 75% code coverage before deployment.

25. How do you test a trigger in Salesforce?

To test a Salesforce trigger, create an Apex test class that performs the DML operations (Insert, Update, Delete, or Undelete) that fire the trigger, and then verify the expected results using assertions.

Steps to Test a Trigger

• Create test data within the test class.
• Perform the DML operation that invokes the trigger.
• Use Test.startTest() and Test.stopTest() if asynchronous processes are involved.
• Verify the trigger's behavior using System.assert() statements.
• Test both positive and negative scenarios, including bulk operations (up to 200 records).

Example:

@isTest
public class TriggerTestClass {

    @isTest
    static void testAccountTrigger() {

        // Create test data
        Account testAccount = new Account(Name = 'Test Account');

        Test.startTest();

        insert testAccount;   // Fires before/after insert trigger

        testAccount.Name = 'Updated Test Account';
        update testAccount;   // Fires before/after update trigger

        Test.stopTest();

        // Verify results
        Account updatedAcc = [
            SELECT Name
            FROM Account
            WHERE Id = :testAccount.Id
        ];

        System.assertEquals('Updated Test Account', updatedAcc.Name);
    }
}

26. What is a Mock Object in Salesforce Testing?

A Mock Object in Salesforce testing is a simulated object that mimics the behavior of external systems or dependencies during unit testing. It allows developers to test Apex code without making actual callouts to external services.

• Used to simulate HTTP callouts, web services, or external APIs during testing.
• Helps test code in an isolated environment without depending on external systems.
• Commonly implemented using the HttpCalloutMock interface in Apex test classes.

27. What is the difference between System.assert() and System.assertEquals() in Salesforce?

System.assert() and System.assertEquals() are Apex methods used to validate test results. System.assert() checks whether a condition is true, while System.assertEquals() compares an expected value with the actual value.

28. How do you perform integration testing in Salesforce?

Integration testing in Salesforce verifies that Salesforce communicates correctly with external systems, APIs, and third-party applications, ensuring accurate data exchange and seamless end-to-end business processes.

• Verify that data is correctly sent and received between Salesforce and external systems through REST/SOAP APIs or middleware.
• Validate request and response data, authentication, error handling, and data synchronization.
• Test both successful and failure scenarios to ensure integrations work reliably without data loss or inconsistencies.

29. What are some common challenges in Salesforce Testing?

Common challenges in Salesforce Testing include:

• Testing complex Apex code, Flows, validation rules, and custom business logic.
• Managing Salesforce Governor Limits during testing.
• Validating integrations with external systems, APIs, and third-party applications.
• Preparing and maintaining accurate test data across different environments.
• Testing user roles, profiles, permission sets, and sharing rules.
• Performing regression testing after new features, releases, or customizations.

30. How do you test Salesforce workflows?

Salesforce workflows are tested by verifying that workflow rules execute correctly when the defined conditions are met and perform the expected actions.

• Verify that the workflow rule is triggered only when the specified criteria are satisfied.
• Validate workflow actions such as field updates, email alerts, task creation, and outbound messages.
• Test positive, negative, and regression scenarios to ensure the workflow functions correctly without affecting existing business processes.

31. What are Salesforce Validation Rules and how do you test them?

Salesforce Validation Rules are used to ensure that data entered into Salesforce meets specific business requirements before a record is saved. If the data does not meet the defined conditions, Salesforce displays an error message and prevents the record from being saved.

To test Validation Rules:

• Create test records with invalid data that violate the validation rule.
• Verify that Salesforce displays the expected error message.
• Then create or update records with valid data and confirm that the records are saved successfully.

This helps ensure data accuracy and maintains data quality in Salesforce.

32. What is a Salesforce Page Layout and how do you test it?

Salesforce Page Layout defines the arrangement of fields, buttons, sections, and related lists on a record page. It controls what users can see, edit, and interact with based on profiles and record types.

To test it:

• Verify correct fields, buttons, and related lists are displayed on the record page.
• Check field properties like read-only, required, and visibility.
• Validate access for different profiles and record types.
• Ensure field-level security is working as expected.
• Confirm UI behavior and business functionality from different user perspectives.

33. How do you perform data migration testing in Salesforce?

Data migration testing in Salesforce ensures that data is transferred from the source system to Salesforce accurately, completely, and without data loss or corruption.

• Validate Data Accuracy: Verify that migrated records, fields, relationships, and values match the source system.
• Check Data Completeness: Ensure all required records and data are successfully migrated.
• Verify Data Integrity: Validate record relationships, duplicate handling, and data consistency after migration.
• Test Data Transformation: Confirm that data mapping, formatting, and conversion rules are applied correctly.
• Validate Business Processes: Ensure migrated data works correctly with Salesforce objects, reports, automation, and workflows.
• Perform Regression Testing: Verify that existing Salesforce functionality is not impacted after migration.

34. What is Salesforce Data Loader and how do you use it for testing?

Salesforce Reports and Dashboards are tested to ensure that data is displayed accurately, filters work correctly, and users receive the required business insights.

Uses in Testing

• Load large amounts of test data into Salesforce objects for functional, integration, and performance testing.
• Export existing Salesforce data for validation and comparison after migration testing.
• Perform bulk insert, update, delete, and upsert operations to verify data accuracy.
• Validate data integrity and ensure automation (triggers, flows, workflows) works correctly.
• Test data migration processes by importing and verifying migrated records.

35. How do you test Salesforce Reports and Dashboards?

Salesforce Reports and Dashboards are tested by validating data accuracy, report filters, calculations, security settings, and dashboard components to ensure they display correct information based on business requirements.

Testing Steps

• Verify report data matches the actual Salesforce records.
• Validate report filters, criteria, and sorting options.
• Check calculated fields, formulas, summaries, and grouping.
• Test different user profiles to verify data visibility and security.
• Validate dashboard components, charts, and metrics.
• Verify reports and dashboards after data migration or updates.
• Test report performance with large volumes of data.

36. What is a Salesforce Deployment and how do you test it?

Salesforce Deployment is the process of moving changes from one Salesforce environment (such as Sandbox) to another environment (such as Production).

How to test it:

• Ensure all changes are fully developed and tested in the Sandbox.
• Run Apex test classes and ensure required code coverage before deployment.
• Create a Change Set (or use deployment tools like ANT/CI-CD pipelines).
• Deploy the changes to the target environment.
• Verify that all components are deployed successfully.
• Perform smoke and regression testing to ensure existing and new functionality works as expected.

37. Explain the use of Salesforce Change Sets.

Salesforce Change Sets are used to deploy customizations (metadata) from one Salesforce environment to another, typically from Sandbox to Production.

They allow deployment of components like custom objects, fields, Apex classes, triggers, validation rules, and page layouts.

How to use them:

• Create an Outbound Change Set in the source org (Sandbox).
• Add required components to the change set.
• Upload it to the target org (Production or another Sandbox).
• Review and validate the change set in the target org.
• Deploy the change set after successful validation.

38. What is the Salesforce Deployment Manager?

Salesforce Deployment Manager is a feature used to move metadata changes, customizations, and configurations between Salesforce environments, such as Sandbox and Production. It helps ensure that changes are tested and deployed safely.

• Used to deploy components such as Apex classes, triggers, objects, fields, Flows, validation rules, and page layouts.
• Helps validate deployment changes before moving them to the production environment.
• Supports reliable and controlled releases by reducing deployment errors.

39. How do you handle Salesforce Security Testing?

Salesforce Security Testing is performed to ensure that data, user access, and application functionality are protected according to security requirements. It involves validating authentication, authorization, sharing rules, and data protection mechanisms.

• Test user authentication and login security features.
• Verify profiles, roles, permission sets, and field-level security.
• Validate object-level and record-level access using sharing rules.
• Check that users can access only authorized data.
• Test CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) permissions.

40. What is Field Level Security and how do you test it?

Field Level Security (FLS) in Salesforce controls whether users can view, edit, or access specific fields on an object. It ensures that sensitive information is protected by restricting field access based on user profiles and permission sets.

How to Test Field Level Security

• Verify field visibility for different user profiles.
• Check that unauthorized users cannot view restricted fields.
• Verify read-only fields cannot be edited.
• Confirm users with proper permissions can access and modify fields.
• Test field access through reports, page layouts, APIs, and integrations.
• Validate permission changes after profile or permission set updates.

41. What is Role Hierarchy and how does it affect testing?

Role Hierarchy in Salesforce is a structure that defines users' record-level access based on their position in the organization. Users higher in the hierarchy can access records owned by users below them, depending on organization-wide defaults and sharing settings.

How Role Hierarchy Affects Testing

• Verify that users can access records according to their assigned role level.
• Test data visibility for users at different hierarchy levels.
• Ensure managers can access subordinate users' records when required.
• Verify that lower-level users cannot access unauthorized records.
• Test sharing rules and access changes after role updates.
• Validate reports and dashboards based on user record access.

42. What are Profiles and Permission Sets in Salesforce?

Profiles and Permission Sets in Salesforce control what users can access and perform within the platform. They define permissions for objects, fields, applications, records, and system features to maintain security.

• Profiles: Define the baseline permissions and access settings for users, including object permissions, field-level security, login restrictions, and system permissions.
• Permission Sets: Provide additional permissions to users without changing their existing profile. They are used to grant extra access for specific tasks or business requirements.

43. How do you test Salesforce Custom Objects?

Salesforce Custom Objects are tested to verify that their configuration, data handling, security, automation, and business processes work correctly according to requirements.

Testing Steps

• Verify custom object creation, labels, API names, and object settings.
• Test custom fields, data types, required fields, validation rules, and default values.
• Validate object relationships such as Lookup and Master-Detail relationships.
• Test record creation, update, deletion, search, and data validation.
• Verify page layouts, record types, profiles, permission sets, and field-level security.
• Validate automation such as Apex triggers, Flows, and workflows related to the custom object.
• Verify reports, dashboards, and integrations using custom object data.
• Test data import/export operations using tools like Salesforce Data Loader.

44. How do you perform regression testing in Salesforce?

Regression testing in Salesforce is performed to ensure that new changes, customizations, or deployments do not break existing functionality. It helps verify that the application continues to work as expected after updates.

• Identify impacted areas such as objects, fields, Apex code, Flows, workflows, integrations, reports, and security settings.
• Execute existing test cases to verify that previously working features continue to function correctly.
• Test critical business processes, user permissions, data integrity, and automation after changes.

45. What is a Salesforce Custom Tab and how do you test it?

A Salesforce Custom Tab is a user interface component that provides users access to custom objects, Visualforce pages, Lightning components, or custom web applications within Salesforce. It helps users easily navigate and access required functionality.

Testing Steps

• Verify that the custom tab is created correctly with the required label, icon, and tab settings.
• Test tab visibility and accessibility based on profiles, permission sets, and user roles.
• Verify that users can access the correct records, pages, and functionality through the tab.
• Test the tab layout, navigation, and user experience across different browsers.
• Perform regression testing to ensure the custom tab works correctly after Salesforce changes or deployments.

46. How do you test Lightning Components in Salesforce?

Lightning Components in Salesforce are tested to verify their functionality, user interface behavior, data handling, performance, and interaction with Apex controllers. Testing ensures that components work correctly across different browsers and user permissions.

Testing Steps

• Verify Lightning Component UI elements, layouts, and user interactions.
• Test component attributes, events, and data binding.
• Validate communication between parent and child components.
• Test Apex controller methods called by Lightning Components.
• Verify data display, creation, update, and deletion operations.
• Test component behavior with different user profiles and permissions.
• Perform cross-browser and responsive testing.
• Validate error handling and exception messages.
• Check component performance and loading time.

47. How do you test Salesforce Approval Processes?

To test Salesforce Approval Processes:

• Create Test Records: Set up records that will trigger the approval process.
• Submit for Approval: Ensure records can be submitted for approval.
• Approve/Reject: Simulate different scenarios where records are approved or rejected.
• Check Outcomes: Verify the correct actions are taken for each approval status, such as field updates or email notifications.

48. What are the benefits and limitations of using automated testing tools for Salesforce?

Benefits

• Faster execution of repetitive test cases.
• Improves test coverage and accuracy.
• Reduces manual testing effort.
• Supports continuous integration and deployment (CI/CD).
• Helps perform regression testing after Salesforce updates.

Limitations

• Initial setup and maintenance require time and effort.
• Requires technical skills to create and manage automation scripts.
• Frequent Salesforce UI changes can break test scripts.
• Not suitable for exploratory and usability testing.
• Automation tools may require additional licensing costs.

49. How do you prioritize test cases in a Salesforce project?

Test cases in a Salesforce project are prioritized based on business impact, risk level, and the importance of the functionality being tested. This ensures that critical features are validated first.

• Prioritize business-critical processes such as sales, customer management, payments, and integrations.
• Test high-risk areas first, including Apex code, Flows, workflows, security settings, and data migration.
• Give priority to frequently used functionalities and features with recent changes.
• Execute smoke and regression test cases for critical functionality before each release.
• Consider defect history and impact on end users when prioritizing test cases.

50. What is an sObject type?

An sObject (Salesforce Object) is a data type in Apex that represents a Salesforce record. It is used to store and manipulate data from standard objects, custom objects, and their fields in Salesforce.

• Represents records such as Account, Contact, Opportunity, and custom objects in Apex code.
• Supports database operations like insert, update, delete, and query (SOQL).
• Can be used to create dynamic Apex code by working with generic sObject types.

Example:

Account acc = new Account(Name = 'ABC Company');
insert acc;