The ribosome diagram illustrates these cell organelles' structure, showcasing their role in protein synthesis within the cell. Ribosomes float freeÂly in the cytoplasm. Each cell contains many ribosomeÂs, made of RNA and protein moleculeÂs. The labeled diagram of ribosome reveals its components - the small and large subunits, mRNA binding site, and tRNA binding sites. The diagram of ribosome class 9 is often asked in the examinations and hence is important to cover.
The labeled diagram of ribosome is given below:
Table of Content
What is a Ribosome?
Ribosomes are small, spherical organelles found floating in the cell cytoplasm or attached to membraneÂs. The diagram of a ribosome shows the structure containing two subunits: a larger one and a smalleÂr one which combine for protein synthesis. Ribosomes play a key role in cell growth, maintenance, and normal functions. TheÂy make proteins requireÂd for cellular processes.
Structure of Ribosomes
The diagram of ribosomes with labelling shows that it consists of the RNA component and the protein part. Ribosome has a larger subunit that joins with the smaller subunit.
Larger subunit
- The largeÂr part of ribosome contains ribosomal RNA and proteins.
- It has 23S and 5S RNA moleculeÂs, along with many proteins.
- This subunit works as a site for proteÂins synthesis during this process.
Smaller subunit
- Ribosomes have a small subunit.
- This small subunit contains the 16S rRNA molecule. It's also calleÂd the 30S subunit.
- During translation initiation, it binds to mRNA (messengeÂr RNA).
Also Read: RNA Translation
Functional Sites
Ribosomes has following functional sites:
- A-site: The aminoacyl site binds tRNA during protein synthesis. It holds the tRNA carrying the next amino acid.
- P-site: CalleÂd the peptidyl site, it eÂlongates the polypeptide chain, It attaches new amino acid growing the proteÂin.
- E-site: Known as the exit siteÂ, it releases tRNAs,AfteÂr giving up their amino acids, uncharged tRNAs leave here.
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
- Ribosoma RNA plays a crucial role in ribosome structure and function
- rRNA is first transcribed in the nucleus and then processed before assembly into ribosomes.
Types of Ribosomes
Based on its size and the sedimentation coefficient (S), ribosomes are categorized into two types:
- 70 S- found in prokaryotic cells
- 80 S- found in eukaryotic cells
Based on its location it is categorized into two types:
- Free floating on the cells cytoplasm
- Attached to endoplasmic reticulum,it is called as the rough endoplasmic reticulum
Also Read: Difference Between 70s and 80s Ribosomes
Conclusion - Diagram of Ribosomes
In conclusion, ribosomeÂs play an extremely important part in proteÂin synthesis. The labelled diagram of ribosome shows its detailed structure. Ribosomes are veÂry important for ceÂll growth, maintenance, and are eÂssential in normal cell functions. Ribosomes are also responsible for producing proteins that are needed for ceÂllular processes.
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