You can use Google Ads experiments to test campaign settings and improve campaign performance. This article answers frequently asked questions about experiment settings and results for Shopping and Performance Max campaigns. Learn more about how to Test your campaigns.
General experiments frequently asked questions
Shopping experiments frequently asked questions
Below youâll find frequently asked questions about the "Experiments" page (formerly drafts and experiments).
Settings
This happens often when you have deprecated or ineligible ad types, you should remove all the ads with deprecated ad types before restarting the creation.
Moreover, check if you have similar audience lists because campaigns with similar audiences, including those with removed similar audiences arenât supported. Learn more About optimized targeting.
Results
- If youâre using Max conversions with target cost per action (CPA) bidding, your experiment will be directly applied if conversions in your treatment arm are higher than your control arm, with CPA being lower.
- If youâre using Max conversion value with target return on ad spend (ROAS) bidding, your experiment will be directly applied if the conversion value in your treatment arm is higher than your control arm, with ROAS being higher.
- If youâre using Max conversions or Max conversion value bidding, your experiment will be directly applied if either the conversions or conversion value in your treatment arm are higher than your control arm.
For certain Search, App, and Display experiments, Google supports budget splits, while for some others, like Performance Max, Demand Gen, and Video, Google supports a traffic split.
- When you choose a budget split, Google divides the total budget across the arms, for example if you choose a 70-30 split, then the 70% budget will be allocated to control and 30% to treatment.
- When you choose a traffic split, Google divides the traffic, such as how many times the ads enter auction, across the arms, for example if you choose a 70-30 traffic split, then 70% traffic will go to control and 30% to treatment.
If the experiment type you're testing only supports traffic split, then it may or may not affect the budgets for your experiment. Roughly, when you test a change and it helps unlock additional value, you may spend more. Make sure that the campaigns aren't budget constrained, and the campaign will spend its full budget at maximum.
Google respects responsible spending guidelines, so while your experiment campaigns can spend up to twice your daily budget on a given day, you wonât exceed 30.4 times your daily budget over the month. To check if you've been credited for overdelivery, compare âServed Costâ vs. âBilled Costâ in the Reports Editor. Avoid frequently pausing your campaigns manually to manage spend, as this can disrupt the machine learning process. Learn Why daily costs might exceed your average daily budget.
Performance Max experiments frequently asked questions
Below youâll find frequently asked questions about your Performance Max campaign experiments.
Settings
Comparable campaigns are automatically selected for your experiment based on factors such as:
- Matching domain names
- At least one overlapping conversion goal
- Overlapping locations
This is necessary to ensure the correct experiment setup.
Yes, you can edit comparable campaigns. Below youâll find details to learn more about reviewing and editing your campaigns.
Review or edit a campaign comparable to an existing Performance Max campaign
During the experiment, youâll need to manually edit comparable campaigns, otherwise Google will choose the comparable campaigns for you. After the experiment has ended, youâll be unable to add or remove your comparable campaigns.
- View results alongside comparable campaigns: To determine how your experiment performs compared to similar campaigns, enable the "View Results with Comparable Campaigns" toggle in Google Ads reporting.
- Edit comparable campaigns (until experiment ends): You have complete control over which campaigns are considered "comparable" throughout the experiment. Simply edit your selections within your Performance Max experiments. If you don't manually choose comparable campaigns, Google will automatically select them for you. When the experiment ends, you won't be able to add or remove comparable campaigns from the results.
Performance for existing campaigns wonât be negatively impacted by experiments. Putting them into base and trial simply tags which ones had Performance Max traffic alongside them and which ones didnât. For the existing campaign traffic in the trial arm, Google will measure what happens when it runs alongside Performance Max. This should capture any effects of traffic shifting as well.
Make sure to target the same products in both the Standard Shopping campaign and the Performance Max campaign in order to accurately test the performance of both campaigns. Ensure that the products targeted in the 2 campaigns aren't targeted by any other campaigns outside of the experiment. This will help ensure that the experiment won't interfere with existing campaigns in the account.
Existing campaign settings arenât affected by being in the experiment. Keep in mind:
- Any existing Performance Max campaign thatâs part of an experiment may notice a decrease in traffic because the campaign will only serve to 50% of the eligible traffic. When the experiment ends, Performance Max traffic should recover to pre-experiment levels if you launch the performance Max campaign.
- Any new Performance Max campaign created as part of this experiment will notice an increase in traffic if itâs launched to 100%.
A user split occurs at the start of the experiment and Googleâs systems try to ensure fairly balanced arms based on the probability of entering an auction (using cookie-based or user-based splits). This traffic split is applied at the "eligible auction" level before targeting and bid strategy filters take effect, providing both the Control and Trial arms a fair and equal opportunity to enter the exact same number of auctions, 50% each. However, a 50/50 split does not guarantee equal spend or impressions for several reasons:
- Spend deviation and efficiency: Even with an even traffic split, one arm may spend more than the other due to factors like ad rank, bid strategy performance, and user engagement. If one arm is more "efficient" at winning auctions or finds more valuable users, it may naturally consume more budget. Spend is an output of how well a campaign performs in the auction, not an input. Forcing a strict spend split would introduce selection bias by artificially capping the more efficient arm so it stops serving earlier in the day, violating statistical independence and leading to inconclusive results.
- Historical data: The control arm may have established historical performance data, which can influence auction dynamics during initial testing.
- Auction competition: Ad rank and real-time competition determine the winner of each impression. Because the split happens before the auction filters, the system naturally optimizes for the arm showing higher performance potential within those real-time auctions.
- Learning phase: New experiments require a 7-14 day ramp-up period where data can be volatile. Avoid making frequent changes (to budgets or targets) during this time, as modifications can trigger a new learning phase and contaminate results.
- Statistical significance: Monitor performance over a multi-week cycle to account for conversion delays and allow results to stabilize. If the spend discrepancy remains under 20%, it is considered normal auction behavior and we recommend not intervening. If the discrepancy exceeds 20% after the learning phase, check for budget constraints or mismatched targets.
Results
| Experiment results | Conclusion and recommendations |
| The trial arm drove more conversions or conv value at the same or better CPA or ROAS compared to the control arm. |
Running Performance Max alongside comparable campaigns can bring you additional conversions at a comparable ROI. Recommendation: Launch the Performance Max campaign and scale budgets to get more coverage and efficient conversions at that ROI. |
| The trial arm drove more conversions or conv value at a CPA or ROAS worse than the control arm. |
If the Performance Max campaign had a target CPA or ROAS set, evaluate if they're comparable to targets for other performance campaigns.
If the Performance Max campaign didnât have a target CPA or ROAS set but comparable campaigns did, performance for the trial arm can seem worse.
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| The trial arm or Performance Max campaign is under-spending or not serving ads. |
Performance Max requires sufficient assets and realistic bidding targets to serve. Recommendations:
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