
å°èª¬ããã€æ©èœãå°èª¬ãèªãããšã®ãªã人ãã¡ãžã®ãããã£ã±ãã®èšŽæ±
âãã¡ããã¡ã綺éºã
ãèªæžã¯é ã«ããããšèšãããŠããŸãããã ãããšããã ãã§äœãå
·äœçãªè©±ããã£ãããããã«äŒŽãæåäœéšãªã©ã¯ä»åå¥ã«çšæããŠãªãã
ãã ã人çã«æå³ã®ãªãããšãªããŠãªãã®ã§ãå¿ ã圹ã«ç«ã€ãäžèŠç¡é§ã«èŠããããšããããç¡é§ããšããæå³ããããçããŠãã°äœãããã®åœ¹ã«ç«ã€ãéããããšãããæ¥ã ã圹ã«ãã€ã
ãŸããããä»äºäžã«æžãçããŠããæç¹ã§ãã°ããã©ãæè§ãªã®ã§å°ãåºããŠæžããŠãããã
å°èª¬ãæã€æ©èœã«ã€ããŠ
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.aax0262
ããã¯ã¹ã»ãã©ã³ã¯å¿çèšèªåŠç ç©¶æã®è³ç§åŠç ç©¶è
ãã®è«æãã
èªãã人ã¯èªãã æ¹ããããèªããªã人ã¯ç¿»èš³ããŠèªãã§ã¿ãŠäžãããæžããŠããæå³ãããããŸããããè³ã«ãããïŒçãªè£ä»ããæžããŠãããã ãšæãã
å°èª¬ã«ã¯æç¢ºãªå®çŸ©ã圢åŒã¯ãªããäœè ãæããã人éã瀟äŒãèªç±ã«æ£æã§è¡šçŸããæåŠåœ¢æ ã§ãããããã³ã¹ïŒç©ºæ³ç©èªïŒãããã«ïŒæ¯èŒççŸå®æ§ã®ããç©èªïŒãªã©ãçŸä»£ã§äžè¬çã«å°èª¬ãšåŒã°ãããã®ã¯ããã£ã¯ã·ã§ã³ïŒæ³åã«ããåµäœã»èæ§ïŒãšç·ç§°ããããããŸã§ãäºå®ãæžããŠããããã³ãã£ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãïŒäŒèšã»ã«ãã«ã¿ãŒãžã¥ïŒãšåºå¥ããŠããã
å°èª¬ã®èµ·æºâ»æ¥æ¬ã«ããã
æ¥æ¬ã§ã¯ãæ±æžæä»£ã«ä»®åèåãèªæ¬ãªã©ã¯ãã£ãããè¿ä»£å°èª¬ãèªçããã®ã¯ææ²»æä»£ä»¥éã§ãããNovelã®èš³èªã«ãå°èª¬ããšãããæ±æžæä»£ã«æ²äºéЬçŽãã¡ãäžå¿ã«ããŠèªäœã衚çŸããããã«äœ¿ãããŠããäžåœç±æ¥ã®èšèãããŠãåŸæ¥ã®å§åæ²æªãæ¥ãã人æ ãæ ãæåŠäœåãšããŠå®çŸ©ããã®ã¯åªå ééã®ãå°èª¬ç¥é«ãïŒ1885幎 - 1886幎ïŒã§ããããã®æåŠçè«ãå®è·µããã®ãåªå éé¥ã®ãåœäžæžçæ°è³ªãã§ããã
ããšããšäžåœã§åœå²ã»æ£å²ã«å¯ŸããŠãæ°éã®ä¿è©±ã®ããšããçšå²å°èª¬ããšåŒãã§ããã
è¿ä»£å°èª¬ã®åœ¢åŒã¯æå€ã«ãææ²»æä»£ããå§ãŸã£ãŠããã
ã ããäžå¿äžçæå€ã®å°èª¬ã¯æºæ°ç©èªãããããããå°èª¬ãšèšãããã®ãã¯çã çåã§ã¯ãããã
ãŸããªããæ¬çãšãããŠããã®ã§ãã®èŸºã§ãçµå±ãã£ãã調ã¹ããšæéãããããã£ãŠãè¶³ããªããæãèªã¿ã§èªãã§ãã ããã
ã¡ãªãã
ããããªãµã€ãããããã ãªã£ãŠãã€ãæç²ã
â å
±æåãé«ãŸã
å°èª¬ãèªãããšã§ä»äººã®èŠç¹ãçè§£ããä»äººã®ææ ãå ±æããåïŒå ±æåãé«ãŸããŸãã
2013幎ã«New School for Social Researchã§è¡ãããç ç©¶ã§ã¯ãå°èª¬ãèªãããšã人ã ã®å ±æåãåäžãããããšã確èªããŸããããã®ç ç©¶ã§ã¯ãå°èª¬ãèªãã ã°ã«ãŒãã¯èªæžåãšæ¯ã¹ãŠå ±æåã®ãã¹ãã§ããé«ãã¹ã³ã¢ã瀺ããŸãããç ç©¶è ãã¡ã¯ãããã¯ãã£ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã®èªæžãèªè ã«ç°ãªã人ã ã®èŠç¹ãçè§£ããæ©äŒãæäŸããèªè ã®å ±æåã匷åããããã ãšèª¬æããŠããŸããããã¯èªè ãä»è ã®èŠç¹ãçè§£ããããã«å¿ããŠåå¿ããèœåãèšç·Žãã广ãããããã§ãã
â¡æ³ååãé«ãŸããããã£ãã©ãªãŒãå¢ãã
æ³åããªããšå°èª¬èªããªããããïŒ
ããã¯å人è«ã ãã©ãæç« ãé¢çœã人ã£ãŠå°èª¬ãã£ã¡ãèªãã§ãããããŠå°èª¬å®¶ããã£ã¡ãå°èª¬èªãã§ãããããããã ãããããªããã
é¢çœã話ãã§ãã人ã¯é¢çœãå°èª¬ãããããèªãã§ãã
ããããããããŒãªåŒçšæã£ãŠããŠãããnoteã£ãŠãããã©ããããŒã ã¯æé«ã
ããã£ãã©ãªãŒã«ã€ããŠã¯äžèšããã
æ¥æ¬èªã§èšãã°ãèªåœãã§ã䜿ãããªããåèªã®éãŸãã®ããšã§ãã
ããã£ãã©ãªãŒãå€ããã°å€ãã»ã©èšèã®è¡šçŸã®å¹ ãåºãããè¡æãªäººæ Œãå°è±¡ä»ããŸãã
ã¢ã ã¹ãã«ãã å¿çšç§åŠå€§åŠã®ã¹ã¯ã³ããŒã³ãšã¢ã ã¹ãã«ãã 倧åŠãã°ããããŒã®è«æ
Incidental Word Learning While Reading: A Meta-Analysis â M.S.L. Swanborn, K. de Glopper, 1999
èªæžããããšãããã£ãã©ãªãŒãå¢ããŸãã
人ã«äŒããæ¹æ³ã®äžã€ã§ãããèšèãããå°èª¬ã¯å¯Ÿè©±åœ¢åŒã§åŠã¶ããšãã§ãããããç»å Žäººç©ããããããããããšã§ãã®äŒéæ¹æ³ããã¬ãŒã¹ã§ããããããã®ãŸãŸæ¥åžžç掻ã§äœ¿çšããŠãããŸããããªããã©ãããããªããããã€ãã£ãŠãªã£ã¡ããã®ã§æ°ãã€ããŠãå°èª¬ã«åºãŠããç»å Žäººç©ã¯å€§äœã¿ããªããããã
çšæ³çšéããå®ããã ããã
â¢ã¹ãã¬ã¹ç·©å
å°èª¬ãèªãããšã¯ãã¹ãã¬ã¹ãè§£æ¶ããã®ã«åœ¹ç«ã¡ãŸããã€ã®ãªã¹ã®ãµã»ãã¯ã¹å€§åŠã®ç ç©¶ã«ããã°ãããã6åéã®èªæžã§ã¹ãã¬ã¹ã¬ãã«ã68ïŒ ãäœäžããããšãããŠããŸãã
ããããïŒ
ããããã®ã¯ããžã§è±ãã°ã¿ããã«æ«é²ããªããŠãªããŠãããèªåã ãã®ããã«äœ¿ãããç²ããæã¯å°èª¬ãèªãã§ã¿ãããæ«é²ãšç²åŽã¯ãããŠãŸãããïŒ
â£å¥ã®äººçãæ¬äŒŒäœéšã§ãã
ããã¯æ ç»ããã©ãã§ãåãããšãçµéšã§ããã
å°èª¬ãªãã§ã¯ã®ã¡ãªããã¯ããã¯ããã®ä¿³åªã女åªã§ã¯ãªãèªåãç»å Žäººç©ã«æåœ±ã§ãããããšã ãããæ³ååããããã°äœã«ã ã£ãŠãªããã®ããããã倧奜ããªå¥³ã®åãã¯ã©ã¹ã®æ°ã«ãªãç·åããå°èª¬ã«ç»å Žãããããšãã§ããã®ã ã
ããã£ãŠããèªãŸãªã人ã¯èªãŸãªãããå¥ã«ç¡ç匷ãããã€ããããªããã§ããããªæ¹ããããŸã§æè§èªãã§ãããã£ãŠããšã§ããå°ãã ããä»ãåããã ããã
æå€ãšèªããäœå3éž
å€ã®ãã¯ããã¯
åäœäžã®åäœã
çŽæšè³ãæ¬å±å€§è³ãäœåºŠããšã£ãŠããæ©ç°éžã®äœåããŠãæ©ç°éžã£ãŠå¥³æ§ã ã£ããã ïŒïŒïŒïŒ
ã³ã£ãããããã«æäœæããããŠèªã¿ãããèš³ã ã峿žå®€ã«çµ¶å¯Ÿããåäœã髿 ¡ã®æã«æ°ã«ãªã女ã®åãèªãã§ããªãä»èªããšæ®éã«éæ¥ãããŠé£ããã
æ©è¡ç¥(æ¬åœã«ååšããŸã)ãšãã忥æåŸã®è¡äºããã 80ãããæ©ãã ãããã æ©ãã ãã®è¡çºã«ã¯ãããŸã§ã®åŠæ ¡ç掻ã®ãã©ããå
šãŠåºããèª°ãšæ©ãã®ããèª°ãšæ©ããªãã®ãããŸãã¯èµ°ãã®ããåçœãæ·¡ãæå¿ãåæ
ãå«åЬã亀差ãã24æéããããªå¿ããããªãäžæ¥ãæžããäœåããŸãèªã¿ãããªã£ãŠããã
æµæµªã®æ
ãŸãäœãããåªè¯ããããã®äœåã®è£
äžãçŽ æŽãããã仿µè¡ãã®äœå®¶ã§ã¯ãããã®ã®ããããã«å£²ããæ¬ã ãªããšæãèªã¿ãããããããŠã¹ããŒãªãŒã®äžå¯§ãªé²ãæ¹ã¯ãã¯ãçŽ æŽãããã
æ ç»åããããŠããããå人çã«å°ãã ãæ®å¿µã ã£ãã®ã¯å»£ç¬ããã®ãã£ã¹ãã£ã³ã°ããããæ£®äžèã ã£ããå€åå¿ã®ãªãã§å€§åéãèµ·ããŠããã
é ã®äžã§å¹³æ²¢é²ã®ãã¬ãŒããªããã¡ããããã¯ãã¯ãã
äžèšã§èšããšãæã¯2人ã ããçè§£ã§ããã°ãããããã«ä»è
ã¯ä»åšããªããŠè¯ãããšãã匷ãã¡ãã»ãŒãžãæãããè§£éã§ããïŒ
岿 ¢ãšåè¯
âæåå³åãããã
ããã¯æ¬åœã«åäœãä»ã ããããèªãã§æ¬²ããããŠãä»äžçªå£²ããŠããå°èª¬ããããçŽäŒå屿°å®¿åºã§10,000å売ã£ãã£ãŠããšã°ããïŒ
ãããã³ã°ã¢ããªã®è©±ã§ãããã®æ¬ã®ãããã§ç§ã倧奜ããªäººã«åºäŒãããšãã§ããŸãã(çŸåšã¯å¥ããŠããŸã)ã
ãŸããŸã誰ãã«åºäŒããããïŒãã 倪éïŒ
ãŸãšã
ãããã§ããã§ãããããçŸåšæå»ã¯3:20ããããè²ã
ãã£ãŠãã®èšäºã3æ¥éãå¯ãããŠããŠãã£ãšä»å·ççµãããŸããã(å·çãšãããããã)
å€å€ãšãããããªããšã¯ãã£ããã©ããã£ã±ãèšäºãæžããŠé²æãåºãã®ã£ãŠãããå¿ãšããŠã¯å¥å
šã«çããŠããããçããŠãã宿ãåŸããããâ»äœè«ã§ããå°æ¬ãã髿©ååžå
çã¯åŠæ ¡ã§å
çã«ãããè£œé æ©ãšãããã åãã€ããããŠéæ¯ççã¿åºããŠãããã人çã®å€§é転ã¯ã€ãºã«åå©ããŠããŸããã
ãŠãèªåãæåº«æ¬ã°ããèªãã§ãªãã§ãåè¡æ¬è²·ã£ãŠæ¬æ£ãè²·ã£ãŠãã€ã§ã奜ããªå°èª¬ãæå
ã«çœ®ããŠãããããšæã£ã仿¥ãã®é ã§ãããŸããããæµç³ã«å¯ãã
2024/04/06
#ãããã®æ¬æ£