
ã ãçã°ããã®ç§ããè²ããªã³ãŒã詊ããŠå¯æãç§ãæ¢ããŠã¿ã
æ£çŽã«èšããŸãã
ç§ã®ã¯ããŒãŒããã9å²ã ãçã§ãã
ã¹ãŠã§ããã«ãžã§ã¬ãŒãã³ããæ¥œã ãããåãããããããããã§çããŠããŸããã
ã¢ã€ã³ã³ã®åçèŠãŠãããŠã人ã¯ç¥ã£ãŠããšæããã§ããã©ããããã£ãšãã®ç³»çµ±ã§ãã
ã§ãæè¿ãµãšæã£ããã§ãã
ãç§ãè²ããªæçãŠãã£ãšå¯æããªããããã£ãŠã
å¥ã«ä»ã®ãŸãŸããã¡ãšããããªããŠããã åçŽã«ãèªåã®ç¥ããªãèªåãèŠãŠã¿ãããªã£ãã
ã ãçããçãŠããªãã£ãããã䌌åãã»äŒŒåããªããæ£çŽããã£ãŠãªãã§ãã
ã ã£ããäžåãæ¯ãåã£ãŠè²ã 詊ããŠã¿ããããšã
ãšããããšã§ä»åã¯ãæ®æ®µã®èªåããäžçªé ãããªã³ãŒãã5ãã¿ãŒã³ãæ¬æ°ã§è©ŠããŠã¿ãŸããã
系統ããã©ãã©ã«ãããããããã¹ããªãŒããã¢ãŒãç³»ãã¹ã«ãŒããæåŸã¯äžçªæ»ããã³ãŒããŸã§ã
æåŸãŸã§èŠãŠãããããäžçªäŒŒåã£ãŠãïŒãã£ãŠã³ã¡ã³ãã§æããŠãããããæ³£ããŠåã³ãŸãã
ããã§ã¯ããã£ãŠã¿ãŸãã

1çç®ïŒããããã¯ã³ããŒã¹
ãŸãã¯çéãããããããã¯ã³ããŒã¹ã

ãããæ®æ®µã®ç§ãããããçµæ§ãªææŠã§ããã
ã ã£ãŠããããããã£ãŠåèªãèªåã®äººçã§äœ¿ã£ãããšãªãã£ãã®ã§ã
ã¹ãŠã§ããã®éãè¡ãæããšããã€ã¡ãŒãžã§éžã³ãŸããã
çãŠã¿ãŠã®ç¬¬äžå°è±¡ã¯ãèç䌞ã³ããã§ããã
äžæè°ãªãã§ããã©ãæãå€ãããšå§¿å¢ãŸã§å€ãããã§ãããã
ã ãçã®æã®ç«è仿§ã®äœããã¯ã³ããŒã¹ãçãç¬éã«ãã¡ãããšããªãããã¢ãŒãã«åãæ¿ããæèŠã
æ©ãæ¹ãå€ãã£ãæ°ãããŸãã
ãã€ãã®å€§è¡ã§ãºã³ãºã³æ©ãããããªããŠãã¡ãã£ãšäžå¯§ãªæ©å¹ ã«ãªã£ãã
æã«åŒã£åŒµãããŠæäœãå€ããã®ãããããæã人ãäœããã£ãŠãã€ãããšäžäººã§çŽåŸããŠãŸããã
é¡ãèŠããšãã®ææ³ã¯ããããããç¥ããªã人ã ãã§ããã
è¯ãæå³ã§ãæ®æ®µã®èªåãšã¯å¥äººã¿ããã§ãæ°é®®ãšããããã¡ãã£ãšç §ããããæãã§ãã
ãã®ã³ãŒããã©ãã§ããïŒã³ã¡ã³ãã§èãããŠãã ããã
2çç®ïŒã¹ããªãŒã颚ã³ãŒã
2çç®ã¯ã¹ããªãŒãç³»ã
ã ãçãšã¯çŽäžéãªãžã£ã³ã«ãªã®ã§ããããçµå±ãã€ãã®ç§ã§ã¯ïŒããšããäžå®ãæ±ããªããææŠããŸããã

ã§ãå®éã«çãŠã¿ããšãå šç¶éããŸããã
ã ãçã¯ããšããããæ¥œãªæãçãŠããã ããªãã§ããã©ãã¹ããªãŒãã¯ã¡ãããšãçã£ãŠãçµãã§ããæããããã
åãã©ãã§ããæå³ãããããªããã§ãããªã«å°è±¡ãå€ãããã ãšé©ããŸããã
ãªãŒããŒãµã€ãºã®ã¢ã€ãã ãçãŠããå°ç©äœ¿ããšããã©ã³ã¹ã®åãæ¹æ¬¡ç¬¬ã§ãã ãããªãèŠããããããªããŠèŠããããå šç¶éãã
ç§ãä»ãŸã§ãã£ãŠããã®ã¯åè ã ã£ããã ãªããšããã®ãããããããŸããã
ã¡ãã£ãšæãããããªãé¢çœããããªæ°æã¡ã§ãã
ãã©ããã«ãæè¡ãããã£ãŠç¥ããã®ã¯ãä»åã®åç©«ã®äžã€ã§ããã
ãããæ°ã«ãªãæ¹ãã³ã¡ã³ãã§ææ³ãã ããã
3çç®ïŒã¢ãŒãç³»ã³ãŒã
3çç®ã¯é»ã§ãŸãšããã¢ãŒãç³»ã
ä»ãŸã§ã®å¯æã系統ãšã¯çéã®ãã¡ãã£ãšãã£ãããæ¹åã«æ¯ã£ãŠã¿ãŸããã

æ£çŽãäžçªäŒŒåãèªä¿¡ããªãã£ãã³ãŒãã§ãã
ã¢ãŒãã£ãŠããªããšãªããéžã°ãã人ãçãæãã¿ãããªã€ã¡ãŒãžããã£ãŠãèªåããäžçªé ããžã£ã³ã«ã ãšæã£ãŠãŸããã
ã§ãé»ã§çµ±äžããŠé¡ã®åã«ç«ã£ãç¬éãæã£ãããããµãã«ãªã£ãŠããæèŠããããŸããã
ä»ãŸã§ã®èªåã¯è²ãæã«é Œã£ãŠå°è±¡ãäœã£ãŠããã ãªãšæ°ã¥ããããŠãã·ã³ãã«ãªåãå§¿å¢ãšã衚æ ããã®ãŸãŸåºãã®ãæ°é®®ã§ããã
坿ããšã¯ã¡ãã£ãšéããããã£ãããããšããæ°ããè€ãèšèã®åŒãåºããèªåã®äžã«ã§ããæãã§ãã
æ®æ®µãšã¯å šç¶éãç§ãèŠãŠãããããšæããŸãããããã©ãã§ããã
4çç®ïŒã¹ã«ãŒãã³ãŒã
ãããããæ¬çªã§ãã
ã¹ã«ãŒããã»ãŒå±¥ããŸããã
åŠçã®é ã®å¶æä»¥æ¥ãããããªãã
ãã³ãã¹ã¿ã€ã«ã®æ¹ãåããããããäœãããè¶³åºãã®æ¥ããããããšããæ°æã¡ããã£ãšãã£ãã®ã§ãé¿ããŠãããžã£ã³ã«ã§ããã

é¡ã®åã«ç«ã£ãç¬éãå€ãªæ±ãããŸããã
ãããç§ïŒããŠäºåºŠèŠããã
ã¹ã«ãŒãã£ãŠãç«ã¡æ¹ãåº§ãæ¹ãã¡ãã£ãšããä»èãŸã§æèãããŠããæã ãªãšå®æããŸããã
ã ãçã®æã¯äœãèããã«ãã«ããšåº§ã£ãŠãã®ã«ãã¹ã«ãŒãã ãšãªããèªç¶ãšæäœãäžå¯§ã«ãªãã
æ©ããŠããšãã®æºãæ¹ãæ°é®®ã§ããããªæèŠä»ãŸã§ç¥ããã«çããŠãããã ãªãšæããŸããã
æ £ããªãåãç·åŒµæããã£ããã©ããã蟌ã¿ã§ãæ°ããèªåã詊ããŠããæããããŠãã¡ãã£ãšæ¥œããã£ãã§ãã
䌌åã£ãŠããã©ãããæ£çŽèªåã§ã¯ãŸã 倿ã€ããªãã®ã§ãçããã®ç®ã§èŠãŠãžã£ããžããŠã»ããã§ãã
ã³ã¡ã³ãåŸ ã£ãŠãŸãã
5çç®ïŒããœåºãã³ãŒã
ãããŠæåŸãäžçªæ»ããã³ãŒãã§ããããœåºãã

ããã«é¢ããŠã¯ãçãåããå¿ææ°äžãã£ãŠãŸããã
ã ãçã§ãè ¹ãäœåãé ãçæŽ»ãããŠãã人éãããããªããè ¹ãåºããã§ãããã
é¡ã®åã§5åãããåºãŸã£ãŠããšæããŸãã
ã§ãçãŠã¿ãããäžæè°ãªæèŠããããŸããã
ãé ããåæã§çããŠããäœããåããŠãèŠãããåæã§èŠãæãã
æ¥ããããã¯ãã¡ãããã£ããã§ããã©ããããšåãããããããæå€ãšå€§äžå€«ããããšããæ°æã¡ãçãŸããŸããã
èªåã®äœããã¬ãã£ãã«èŠãçãã€ããŠãããã ãªãšããã®ã³ãŒããéããŠæ°ã¥ããããŸããã
æ»ããã³ãŒãã«ææŠããã£ãŠããã¡ãã·ã§ã³ã®è©±ã®ããã§ããŠãå®ã¯èªåãšã®åãåãæ¹ã®è©±ã§ããããã ãªãšæããŸããã
äžçªããŒãã«é«ãã£ãåãäžçªææ³èãããã³ãŒãã§ãã
æ£çŽã©ãã§ããïŒé æ ®ãªãæããŠãã ããã
5ã³ãŒã詊ããŠã¿ãŠæã£ãããš
ã¯ã³ããŒã¹ãã¹ããªãŒããã¢ãŒãç³»ãã¹ã«ãŒããããœåºãã
系統ããã©ãã©ã«ãæ§ãããªãšããããèªåå²äžäžçªæ»ãããšãããŸã§äžæ°ã«è©ŠããŠã¿ãŸããã
æ£çŽã䌌åãã»äŒŒåããªãã¯èªåã§ã¯ãŸã ãžã£ããžã§ããŸããã
ã ã£ãŠä»ãŸã§æ¯èŒå¯Ÿè±¡ãã ãçãããªãã£ãããã
ã坿ããã®åºæºããèªåã®äžã§ææ§ãªãã§ãã
ã§ãã²ãšã€ã ã確å®ã«èšããã®ã¯ãæãå€ãããšå§¿å¢ãå€ãã£ãŠãæ©ãæ¹ãå€ãã£ãŠãæ°æã¡ãŸã§å€ãããšããããšã
åãç§ãªã®ã«ã系統ãå€ãããã³ã«å šç¶éã衚æ ããŠããšæããŸãã
ãããããªç§ãšãã¢ãŒããªç§ãšãããœåºãã®ç§ã¯ããã¶ãå¥äººã¿ããã«èŠããããããªãããªã
坿ããªãããããšããã®ã¯å€åãæãã®ãã®ã欲ããããããªããŠããèªåã®ç¥ããªãèªåãã«äŒããããã ãããªãšãä»åãã£ãŠã¿ãŠæ°ã¥ããŸããã
5ãã¿ãŒã³ã®äžã§ãçããã¯ããããäžçªäŒŒåã£ãŠãããšæãã®ã©ãã§ãããïŒ
ãã²ã³ã¡ã³ãã§æããŠãã ãããæ£çŽãªææ³ãåŸ ã£ãŠãŸãã
ãããŠä»åºŠã¯ãçããããæ¬¡ã¯ããçãŠã¿ãŠãã£ãŠæã系統ãã³ãŒããããã°ãããããã²æããŠã»ããã§ãã
坿ãç§æ¢ãã®æ ããŸã ãŸã ç¶ããŠãããããšæããŸãã
