commands

ffmpeg audio format conversions

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The ffmpeg software is a free and open source suite of utilities that facilitate audio and video media. On Linux systems, installing ffmpeg gives us access to the ffmpeg command, which can be used to convert audio files to various types, such as wav, mp3, ogg, etc.

In this guide, we will go over the instructions to install ffmpeg on major linux distros. Then, you’ll see various command line examples that can be used to convert between different audio formats. Use the examples below to convert your own files.

In this tutorial you will learn:

  • How to install ffmpeg on major Linux distros
  • How to use ffmpeg in audio conversion examples

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How to ZIP file with password on Linux

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If you have one or more files that you need to send to a friend or store for a long time, compressing the files into a .zip archive is a good way to save on space and combine all files into a single object. If you need to keep the file contents private, for fear that they could be intercepted by the wrong party, or that someone could try to access them on your own system, then it is possible to add a password to your zip file. In this tutorial, you will learn how to zip files and add a password to your zip archive on a Linux system.

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inxi installation and usage on Ubuntu/Debian

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The inxi Linux command can be used to see various system information and other handy bits of data right from your terminal. The command is ordinarily not installed by default. However, it is a small software package that provides access to the command, and it proves especially useful to system administrators and power users.

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uname command in Linux with examples

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The uname command in Linux is one of the frequently used commands. On Linux systems, there are a multitude of commands that can be used to print system information. We cover many of these commands in our guide about getting to know the hardware of your Linux box. One such command would be uname, which is especially good for listing information about the operating system itself and the Linux kernel that is running.

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Removing duplicate lines from a text file using Linux command line

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Removing duplicate lines from a text file can be done from the Linux command line. Such a task may be more common and necessary than you think. The most common scenario where this can be helpful is with log files. Oftentimes log files will repeat the same information over and over, which makes the file nearly impossible to sift through, sometimes rendering the logs useless.

In this guide, we’ll show various command line examples that you can use to delete duplicate lines from a text file. Try out some of the commands on your own system, and use whichever one is most convenient for your scenario.

In this tutorial you will learn:

  • How to remove duplicate lines from file when sorting
  • How to count the number of duplicate lines in a file
  • How to remove duplicate lines without sorting the file

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How to crack a wireless WEP key using AIR Crack

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This article shortly describes simple steps on how to crack a wireless WEP key using aircrack-ng software. This can be done by sniffing a wireless network, capturing encrypted packets and running appropriate encryption cracking program in an attempt to decrypt captured data. WEP ( Wired Equivalent Privacy ) is quite easy to crack as it uses only one key to encrypt all traffic.

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Random Entropy in Bash

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When using random numbers in Bash, the question of random entropy will sooner or later come up. This article will help you understand what entropy is, how it can be modified and optimized in Bash, and how it will affect random number generation.

In this tutorial you will learn:

  • How to generate random entropy in Bash
  • How to pre-seed the random number generator in Bash
  • Examples demonstrating random entropy generation in Bash

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Stat command: Usage and examples

Stat command: Usage and examples

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The stat Linux command is one of the best ways to view the full details of any file that is stored on a Linux system. It is installed by default on all distributions, so there is nothing extra to install, and is basically a one stop shop for viewing file permissions, timestamp info like access times and modification times, and various other metadata for any file on your system. It also comes with a few handy options, allowing us to tailor the output for specific needs, and view information about all file types, including symbolic links, pseudo files, and others.

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How to rollback pacman updates in Arch Linux

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Arch Linux is often praised for it’s bleeding edge software and rolling release model. We discuss these features more in depth in our article comparing Arch Linux and Manjaro. In addition to this praise, arch linux also has a reputation for being unstable. This reputation stems from the sometimes unpredictable nature of bleeding edge software. The latest software from upstream developers may contain bugs that were not apparent during initial testing. As a result, the risk is always present that updating with the package manager, pacman, may bring about unexpected results. These may include a specific piece of software no longer working properly (or at all) or even multiple applications or Desktop Environments no longer working as expected.

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Introduction to the Systemd journal

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Systemd is nowadays the init system adopted by almost all Linux distributions, from Red Hat Enterprise Linux to debian and ubuntu. One of the things that made Systemd the target of a lot of critics is that it tries to be a lot more than a simple init system and tries to re-invent some Linux subsystems.

The traditional logging system used on Linux, for example was rsyslog, a modern version of the traditional syslog. Systemd introduced its own logging system: it is implemented by a daemon, journald, which stores logs in binary format into a “journal”, which can be queried by the journalctl utility.

In this tutorial we will learn some parameters we can use to modify the journald daemon behavior, and some examples of how to query the journal and format the output resulting from said queries.

In this tutorial you will learn:

  • How to change default journald settings
  • How journald can coexist with syslog
  • How to query the journal and some ways to format the queries output

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