Installing WINE
Since there are multiple available versions of WINE, there are different ways to install it as well. Of course, each distribution also packages and ships WINE differently, and most only ship one or two versions of it. Thankfully, there are third party repositories available, and, when all else fails, WINE can be compiled from source. Unless youâre running Gentoo, source should probably be the last resort, since itâs obviously harder to maintain, but it can work in cases where you want a custom WINE build that isnât packaged for your distro.
Ubuntu
Ubuntu is one of the more well supported distributions due to its popularity. With that said, Ubuntuâs repositories are sorely lacking when it comes to up-to-date WINE support. Both stable and development version of WINE in the Ubuntu 16.04 are severely out of date. There are PPAs to help, though.
WineHQ Stable
The version of âstableâ in the default repositories is significantly behind, even for stable. The Ubuntu Wine Team maintains a PPA for stable. Itâs a bit behind too, but not nearly as far.
Before adding the PPA, first make sure that you have x86 support enabled .
$ sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
Once it is, add the PPA and update Apt. Then you can can just install it normally.
$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa $ sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get install wine1.8
WineHQ Development
Like âstable,â the âdevelopmentâ version of WINE in the officially repositories is way behind. The team that develops WINE actually supports Ubuntu directly with their own PPA, so those outdated official packages donât matter.
Since WINE relies heavily on 32bit support, make sure that Apt supports 32bit too.
$ sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
Then, you can add the PPA, update Apt, and install.
$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:wine/wine-builds $ sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get install wine-devel
Staging
Ubuntu doesnât support âstagingâ in the official repositories. Again, the WINE developers actually package âstagingâ in their PPA. As a result, the process for installing âstagingâ on Ubuntu is nearly identical to âdevelopment.â
Like âdevelopmentâ enable 32bit.
$ sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
Similarly, add the PPA, update Apt, and install.
$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:wine/wine-builds $ sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get install winehq-staging
If, for some reason, you want âstagingâ installed in a different directory than WineHQ WINE, install with the the command below.
$ sudo apt-get install wine-staging
Gallium Nine
Gallium Nine faces a similar situation as well. It isnât officially supported, but there is a PPA available. Unfortunately, there are no packaged versions of Gallium Nine with the âstagingâ patches as well. This really shouldnât be an issue, since they do both do a similar job.
Once again, enable 32bit.
$ sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
Then, add the PPA, update Apt, and install.
$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:commendsarnex/winedri3 $ sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get install wine1.9
Debian
Debian is not as well supported as Ubuntu, but oddly, has better packages in the default repositories. There arenât really convenient PPAs like Ubuntu, but there are some repositories that make using every version of WINE possible.
WineHQ Stable
Jessie
The WINE packages in the main Jessie repositories are out of date. However, in âjessie-backports,â they are up-to-date. So, the first steps in installing âstableâ on Jessie are enabling 32bit and adding the âjessie-backportsâ repository.
# dpkg --add-architecture i386 # vim /etc/apt/sources.list
Add the line:
deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian jessie-backports main
Save the document. Now, you can just update Apt and install WINE, but you have to specify that you are installing from the âjessie-backportsâ repository.
# apt-get update # apt-get -t jessie-backports install wine
Sid
Of course, Sid is more up to date. Itâs not entirely clear why youâd want to run âstableâ WINE on unstable Debian, but doing so only requires that you add 32bit support, update, and install the package.
# dpkg --add-architecture i386 # apt-get update # apt-get install wine
WineHQ Development
Jessie
If âstableâ wasnât up-to-date in Debianâs default repositories, itâd be crazy to think that âdevelopmentâ would be. Again, like âstable,â you have to enable 32bit support and the âjessie-backportsâ repository. The only difference in the process is the name of the package that you need to install.
# dpkg --add-architecture i386 # vim /etc/apt/sources.list
Add the line:
deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian jessie-backports main
Save, update Apt, and install the âdevelopmentâ package from âjessie-backports.â
# apt-get update # apt-get -t jessie-backports install wine-development
Sid
Just like with âstable,â Sid makes things easier. Itâs as simple as enable 32bit, update, and install.
# dpkg --add-architecture i386 # apt-get update # apt-get install wine-development
Staging
Jessie
Start off by enabling 32bit support.
# dpkg --add-architecture i386
Then, install the package that allows Apt to use the https protocol.
# apt-get install apt-transport-https
The packages will be coming from a repository maintained by the WINE developers. Before using it, youâll need to get and add the release key.
$ wget https://repos.wine-staging.com/Release.key # apt-key add Release.key
Then, open up /etc/apt/sources.list and add the following line.
deb https://repos.wine-staging.com/debian/ jessie main
Now, you can update Apt and install.
# apt-get update # apt-get install winehq-staging
If you want âstagingâ installed alongside regular WINE, install it with the command below.
# apt-get install wine-staging
Sid
Thanks to the repositories from the WINE developers, the install process for Sid is almost exactly the same as it is for Jessie. Begin with enabling 32bit support and installing apt-transport-https
# dpkg --add-architecture i386 # apt-get install apt-transport-https
Then, get the release key and add it to Apt.
$ wget https://repos.wine-staging.com/Release.key # apt-key add Release.key
Finally, update and install wine.
# apt-get update # apt-get install winehq-staging
Again, to install it alongside regular WINE, use the following linux command.
# apt-get install wine-staging
Gallium Nine
Gallium Nine isnât packaged for Debian. You can compile it from source if youâd like, but there is another option. The Ubuntu packages actually work in Debian, so this guide is going to cover those. They arenât ideal, but they are actively maintained and much easier to deal with.
Jessie and Sid
First, add 32bit support.
# dpkg --add-architecture i386
Then, add the sources to /etc/apt/sources.list.
# vim /etc/apt/sources.list deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/commendsarnex/winedri3/ubuntu xenial main deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/commendsarnex/winedri3/ubuntu xenial main
From there, you can just update and install.
# apt-get update # apt-get install wine1.9
Fedora
Fedora is kind of strange. Fedora focuses on providing the latest software releases from upstream and doesnât have a whole lot of third party support. As a result, there is no package for WINE âstableâ available for Fedora. However, there is a repository maintained by the WINE developers for âdevelopmentâ and âstaging,â and there is a Copr repo for Gallium Nine.
Development and Staging
The easiest way to add the WINE repository that holds both the âdevelopmentâ and âstagingâ packages is by using DNFâs config-manager.
# dnf config-manager --add-repo https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/fedora/24/winehq.repo
Then, itâs just a matter of installing the right package.
WineHQ Development
# dnf install wine-development64
Staging
# dnf install wine-staging64
Gallium Nine
To install the Copr repository, use the DNF config-manager
# dnf config-manager âadd-repo https://copr.fedorainfracloud.org/coprs/dyskette/wine-gallium-nine/repo/fedora-24/dyskette-wine-gallium-nine-fedora-24.repo
Then, you can install the package with DNF.
# dnf install wine
Arch Linux
Arch Linux is another example of a bleeding edge distribution aiming to provide only the latest software. The packages in the official âMultilibâ repository are almost always the latest, so for âdevelopmentâ and âstaging,â things are super easy. For the rest, the AUR has you covered.
WineHQ Stable
If you want WINE âstableâ on Arch, which you probably wonât as an Arch user, you can get it from the AUR. Make sure that your installation is configured with all AUR prerequisites.
There are, of course, tools to manage AUR downloads, but this guide will cover the most basic way of installing the package. So, navigate to the package page here. Download and un-tar the package snapshot into the folder that youâd like to build it in. Then, cd into that folder.
$ cd /path/to/wine-stable
Inside that folder, run makepkg to build and install it.
$ makepkg -sri
WineHQ Development
pacman -S wine
Yeah, thatâs really it.
Staging
pacman -S wine-staging
Again, itâs super easy.
Gallium Nine
Gallium Nine is also available though the AUR. Make sure that your installation is set up to use the AUR, and go to the package page here. Download and un-tar the package snapshot into the folder that you want to build in. Then, cd into that folder.
$ cd /path/to/wine-gaming-nine
In that folder, run makepkg to build and install.
$ makepkg -sri
Gentoo
Gentoo plays by its own rules. As a result, it actually has the most options, and the most comprehensive support for WINE. Since itâs source-based, every variation of WINE is available in the main repository. Choosing which one you want to use comes down to enabling testing and âUseâ flags.
WineHQ Stable
This is the default. If you donât configure anything, you will get the âstableâ version of WINE.
# emerge wine
WineHQ Development
The âdevelopmentâ version of WINE can be accessed by enabling testing packages for WINE. Do do this, add the following line somewhere in /etc/portage/package.accept_keywords.
app-emulation/wine ~amd64
Save the file, and install wine.
# emerge wine
Staging
To build WINE with the âstagingâ patches, enable the staging âUseâ flag.
Gallium Nine
To build WINE with Gallium Nine support, enable the d3d9 âUseâ flag.
