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Rashin bacci

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Rashin bacci
A child sits on a hospital bed in pyjamas with soft toys. Along with other measurement devices, the child has electrodes taped to their scalp and face.
polysomnography na yara
Kyakkyawan Ilimin halayyar mutum, ilimin halayyar dan adam, maganin barci, ilimin jijiyoyiNeurology

Rashin Barci, ko somnipathy, cuta ce ta kiwon lafiya wacce ke lalata tsarin bacci da ingancin mutum. Wannan na iya haifar da matsaloli masu tsanani na kiwon lafiya kuma yana shafar lafiyar jiki, tunani, da motsin rai.[1] Polysomnography da actigraphy gwaje-gwaje ne da aka saba ba da umarni don gano cututtukan bacci.

Ana rarraba cututtukan bacci a cikin dyssomnias, parasomnias, cututtuken bacci na circadian rhythm, da sauran cututtukani (ciki har da waɗanda ke haifar da yanayin likita ko tunanin mutum). Lokacin da mutum ya yi ƙoƙari ya faɗi ko ya yi barci ba tare da wani dalili ba, ana kiransa Rashin bacci, wanda shine mafi yawan matsalar bacci. [1] Sauran cututtukan bacci sun haɗa da apnea na bacci, narcolepsy, hypersomnia (matsananciyar bacci a lokutan da ba su dace ba), Rashin lafiya na barci (rashin tsarin bacci saboda kamuwa da cuta), tafiya cikin bacci, da tsoratar dare.

Rashin bacci na iya haifar da batutuwa daban-daban, gami da niƙa hakora (bruxism). Gudanar da rikice-rikicen bacci waɗanda ke da alaƙa da rikicewar tunani, likita, ko miyagun ƙwayoyi ya kamata su mai da hankali kan magance yanayin da ke tattare da su.[2] Rashin bacci ya zama ruwan dare a cikin yara da manya. Koyaya, akwai rashin sani game da cututtukan bacci a cikin yara, tare da lokuta da yawa da ba a san su ba.[3] Abubuwa da yawa na yau da kullun da ke tattare da farkon matsalar bacci sun haɗa da karuwar amfani da magunguna, canje-canje masu alaƙa da shekaru a cikin rhythms na circadian, canje-canjen muhalli, canje-zanen salon rayuwa, matsalolin ilimin lissafi na yanzu, da damuwa. Daga cikin tsofaffi, haɗarin haɓaka wasu yanayin bacci yana da yawa. Wadannan sun hada da numfashi mai rikitarwa, motsi na lokaci-lokaci, ciwon kafafu marasa kwanciyar hankali, REM, rashin barci, da rikicewar rhythm.[4]

Dalilan da suka haifar

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Rigakafin Cututtuka (CDC) shawarwari don adadin bacci da ake buƙata raguwa tare da shekaru.[5] Duk da yake yawan bacci yana da mahimmanci, ingancin bacci mai kyau yana da mahimmanci don kauce wa rikicewar bacci.[5]

Binciken tsari ya gano cewa abubuwan da suka faru a lokacin yaro, kamar rikice-rikicen iyali ko raunin jima'i, suna ƙara haɗarin cututtukan bacci da yawa a lokacin balaga, gami da apnea na bacci, narcolepsy, da rashin barci.[6]

Bayani na tushen shaida ya nuna cewa rikicewar halayyar bacci ta REM na iya samun wani bangare na gado. Jimillar mahalarta 632, rabi tare da rikicewar halayyar bacci na REM da rabi ba tare da, kammala tambayoyin rahoton kai ba. Sakamakon binciken ya nuna cewa mutanen da ke fama da matsalar bacci suna iya bayar da rahoton cewa suna da dangi na farko tare da irin wannan matsalar bacci fiye da mutanen da ba su da irin wannan shekarun da jima'i.[7] Ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike don ƙarin fahimtar tushen gado na cututtukan bacci.

Jama'ar da ke iya kamuwa da cututtukan bacci sun haɗa da mutanen da suka sami rauni a kwakwalwa. Saboda mahimman bincike da aka mayar da hankali kan wannan batun, an gudanar da bita na tsari don hada binciken. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa mutanen da suka fuskanci rauni na kwakwalwa suna cikin haɗarin kamuwa da narcolepsy, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa, yawan barci na rana, da rashin barci.[8]

Abstructive sleep apnea wani yanayi ne na yau da kullun wanda ke shafar 10-20% na manya masu matsakaicin shekaru da tsofaffi, wanda ke nunawa ta hanyar maimaita numfashi yayin bacci, wanda ke haifar da rashin ingancin bacci, da yawan bacci na rana kuma, wani lokacin Rashin barci.[9] Abubuwan da aka saba da su sun haɗa da kiba, ƙananan hanyoyin iska, da wasu yanayin jijiyoyin da ke haifar da rushewar hanyar iska yayin bacci.[10]

Rashin bacci da cututtukan neurodegenerative

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Cututtukan neurodegenerative galibi suna da alaƙa da cututtukan bacci, [11] [12] musamman idan aka kwatanta da tarin alpha-synuclein, kamar yadda aka gani a cikin tsarin atrophy (MSA), Cutar Parkinson (PD), [13] [14] Cutar Huntington, [15] da cutar jiki ta Lewy (LBD). [4] [5][16][17] Misali, mutanen da aka gano da PD akai-akai suna fuskantar matsalolin bacci daban-daban, kamar rashin barci (yana shafar kusan 70% na yawan PD), hypersomnia (fiye da 50%), da REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) (kimanin 40%), wanda ke da alaƙa da karuwar Alamun motsi. [12][13] Bugu da ƙari, an gano RBD a matsayin muhimmiyar mai gabatarwa ga ci gaban nan gaba na waɗannan cututtukan neurodegenerative a cikin shekaru da yawa, suna gabatar da damar da za a iya inganta jiyya.[11][12]

Yanayin neurodegenerative galibi suna da alaƙa da raunin kwakwalwa, wanda zai iya rushe bacci da farkawa, rhythm na circadian, da motsi ko aikin da ba motsi ba.[11][12] Sabanin haka, rikice-rikicen bacci galibi suna da alaƙa da tabarbarewar aikin fahimta na marasa lafiya, yanayin motsin rai, da ingancin rayuwa.[12][17] Bugu da ƙari, waɗannan alamun halayyar da ba su dace ba na iya sanya nauyi mai mahimmanci ga dangi da masu kulawa.[12][17] Ƙayyadadden bincike a wannan yanki, tare da ƙara tsammanin rayuwa, yana nuna buƙatar zurfin fahimtar dangantakar da ke tsakanin cututtukan bacci da cututtuken neurodegenerative.[11]

Rashin bacci da cutar Alzheimer

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An kuma lura da rikicewar bacci a cikin Cutar Alzheimer (AD), wanda ke shafar kusan kashi 45% na yawan mutanen da abin ya shafa.[11][12] Lokacin da ya dogara da rahotanni na mai kulawa, wannan kashi yana ƙaruwa zuwa kusan kashi 70%. Kamar yadda yake a cikin yawan PD, rashin barci da hypersomnia ana gane su akai-akai a cikin marasa lafiya na AD. Wadannan rikice-rikice an haɗa su da tarin Beta-amyloid, rikice-rikicen bacci na circadian rhythm (CRSD), da canje-canjen melatonin.[11][12] Bugu da ƙari, ana lura da canje-canje a cikin gine-ginen barci a cikin AD.[11][12][16]

Kodayake gine-ginen barci yana da alama yana canzawa ta halitta tare da shekaru, ci gabansa ya bayyana a cikin marasa lafiya na AD. Barcin jinkiri (SWS) yana iya raguwa (kuma wani lokacin ba ya nan), spindles na barci da tsawon lokacin da aka yi a cikin barcin REM suma an rage su, yayin da jinkirin REM ke ƙaruwa. Rashin farawar bacci a cikin AD an haɗa shi da mafarki mai alaƙa da mafarki, karuwar rashin kwanciyar hankali, yawo, da tashin hankali da ke da alaƙa da faɗuwar rana - wani abu ne na al'ada a cikin cutar. [18] [12]

  1. ↑ "APA "What are sleep disorders?"". www.psychiatry.org. Retrieved 2019-06-25.
  2. ↑ "Sleep Problems and Sleep Disorders". Sleepify. 26 June 2019. Retrieved 2021-08-24.
  3. ↑ Meltzer LJ, Johnson C, Crosette J, Ramos M, Mindell JA (June 2010). "Prevalence of diagnosed sleep disorders in pediatric primary care practices". Pediatrics. 125 (6): e1410–e1418. doi:10.1542/peds.2009-2725. PMC 3089951. PMID 20457689.
  4. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "Roepke, S. K. 2010".
  5. 1 2 "How Much Sleep Do I Need?". CDC.gov. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 14 September 2022. Archived from the original on 2 November 2023. Last Reviewed: September 14, 2022. Source: National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Division of Population Health.
  6. ↑ Kajeepeta S, Gelaye B, Jackson CL, Williams MA (March 2015). "Adverse childhood experiences are associated with adult sleep disorders: a systematic review". Sleep Medicine. 16 (3): 320–330. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2014.12.013. PMC 4635027. PMID 25777485.
  7. ↑ Schenck CH (November 2013). "Family history of REM sleep behaviour disorder more common in individuals affected by the disorder than among unaffected individuals". Evidence-Based Mental Health. 16 (4): 114. doi:10.1136/eb-2013-101479. PMID 23970760. S2CID 2218369.
  8. ↑ Mathias JL, Alvaro PK (August 2012). "Prevalence of sleep disturbances, disorders, and problems following traumatic brain injury: a meta-analysis". Sleep Medicine. 13 (7): 898–905. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2012.04.006. PMID 22705246.
  9. ↑ Ong, Jason C.; Crawford, Megan R.; Wallace, Douglas M. (May 2021). "Sleep Apnea and Insomnia". Chest (in Turanci). 159 (5): 2020–2028. doi:10.1016/j.chest.2020.12.002. PMC 8129729 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 33309524.
  10. ↑ Jordan, Amy S.; McSharry, David G.; Malhotra, Atul (2014-02-22). "Adult obstructive sleep apnoea". The Lancet (in English). 383 (9918): 736–747. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60734-5. ISSN 0140-6736. PMC 3909558. PMID 23910433.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Zhong, George; Naismith, Sharon Linda; Rogers, Naomi Louise; Lewis, Simon John Geoffrey (2011). "Sleep–wake disturbances in common neurodegenerative diseases: A closer look at selected aspects of the neural circuitry". Journal of the Neurological Sciences. 307 (1–2): 9–14. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2011.04.020. PMID 21570695. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":7" defined multiple times with different content.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Malkani, Roneil; Attarian, Hrayr (2015). "Sleep in Neurodegenerative Disorders". Current Sleep Medicine Reports. 1 (2): 81–90. doi:10.1007/s40675-015-0016-x. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":9" defined multiple times with different content.
  13. 1 2 Bjørnarå, Kari Anne; Dietrichs, Espen; Toft, Mathias (2013). "REM sleep behavior disorder in Parkinson's disease – is there a gender difference?". Parkinsonism & Related Disorders. 19 (1): 120–122. doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2012.05.027. PMID 22726815.
  14. ↑ Bjørnarå, K. A.; Dietrichs, E.; Toft, M. (2015). "Longitudinal assessment of probable rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder in Parkinson's disease". European Journal of Neurology. 22 (8): 1242–1244. doi:10.1111/ene.12723. PMID 25904103.
  15. ↑ Sneddon, Natasha J.; D'Rozario, Angela L.; Teixeira-Pinto, Armando; Loy, Clement T. (April 2026). "What is the prevalence of sleep disturbances among people with Huntington disease and pre-manifest genetic expansion carriers? A systematic review and meta-analysis". Sleep Medicine Reviews. 86. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2026.102258. PMID 41722529 Check |pmid= value (help).
  16. 1 2 Wang, Pan; Wing, Yun Kwok; Xing, Jianli; Liu, Yong; Zhou, Bo; Zhang, Zengqiang; Yao, Hongxiang; Guo, Yan’e; Shang, Yanchang; Zhang, Xi (2016-10-01). "Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder in patients with probable Alzheimer's disease". Aging Clinical and Experimental Research (in Turanci). 28 (5): 951–957. doi:10.1007/s40520-015-0382-8. ISSN 1720-8319. PMID 26022447. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":11" defined multiple times with different content.
  17. 1 2 3 McCarter, Stuart J.; Howell, Michael J. (2017). "REM Sleep Behavior Disorder and Other Sleep Disturbances in Non-Alzheimer Dementias". Current Sleep Medicine Reports. 3 (3): 193–203. doi:10.1007/s40675-017-0078-z. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":12" defined multiple times with different content.
  18. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ":13".
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