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鵲

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 鹊
鵲 U+9D72, 鵲
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9D72
← 鵱
[U+9D71] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 鵳 →
[U+9D73]

Translingual

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Han character

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鵲 (Kangxi radical 196, 鳥+8, 19 strokes, Cangjie input 廿日竹日火 (TAHAF), four-corner 47627, composition ⿰昔鳥)

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1492, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 47014
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2022, character 22
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4638, character 22
  • Unihan data for U+9D72

Chinese

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trad. 鵲
simp. 鹊
alternative forms 𩁆

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 鵲
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (昔) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
借 *ʔsjaːɡs, *ʔsjaːɡ
唶 *ʔsjaːɡs
藉 *zjaːɡs, *zjaːɡ
躤 *zjaːɡs
蜡 *zraːɡs, *sʰaːɡs
齰 *zraːɡs, *zraːɡ
醋 *sʰaːɡs
錯 *sʰaːɡs, *sʰaːɡ
措 *sʰaːɡs
厝 *sʰaːɡs, *sʰaːɡ
逪 *sʰaːɡ
剒 *sʰaːɡ
鵲 *sʰaɡ
碏 *sʰaɡ
踖 *sʰaɡ, *ʔsjaːɡ, *zjaːɡ
趞 *sʰaɡ
皵 *sʰaɡ, *sʰjaːɡ
舄 *sʰjaːɡ, *sʰaɡ, *sjaːɡ, *sjaːɡ
斮 *ʔsraɡ, *ʔsraːɡ
簎 *zraːwɢ, *sʰraːɡ, *zjaːɡ
諎 *ʔsraːɡ
矠 *sʰreːɡ, *zreːɡ
庴 *ʔsjaːɡ, *zjaːɡ
籍 *zjaːɡ
耤 *zjaːɡ
猎 *zjaːɡ
昔 *sjaːɡ
惜 *sjaːɡ
腊 *sjaːɡ
焟 *sjaːɡ
棤 *sjaːɡ

Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “onomatopoeic (同源字典補)? 'Altaic' (Starostin 2007) [1]?”)

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 鵲
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 清 (14)
Final (韻) 藥 (107)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 七雀切
Baxter tshjak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡sʰɨɐk̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡sʰiɐk̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡sʰiɑk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/t͡sʰɨak̚/
Li
Rong 		/t͡sʰiak̚/
Wang
Li 		/t͡sʰĭak̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/t͡sʰi̯ak̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		que
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		coek3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 鵲
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		què
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tshjak ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[tsʰ]ak/
English magpie

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 鵲
Reading # 1/1
No. 13284
Phonetic
component 		昔
Rime
group 		鐸
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		鵲
Old
Chinese 		/*sʰaɡ/

Definitions

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鵲

  1. magpie
    Synonym: 喜鵲 / 喜鹊 (xǐquè)

Compounds

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Descendants

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  • ⇒ Zhuang: roeggacak

References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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鵲

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

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  • Go-on: さく (saku)
  • Kan-on: しゃく (shaku)
  • Kan’yō-on: じゃく (jaku)
  • Kun: かささぎ (kasasagi, 鵲)

Compounds

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
鵲
かささぎ
Hyōgai
kun'yomi
鵲 (kasasagi): a Eurasian magpie
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

From Old Japanese, first appears in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.[1]

Derivation unknown, theories include:

  • The initial kasa- may be cognate with or a borrowing from an earlier form of Korean 까치 (kkachi, “magpie”).
  • The final -sagi may be a reference to the white chest, alluding to the similar plumage of certain kinds of 鷺 (sagi, “heron, egret”).
  • Alternatively, the final -sagi may derive from onomatopoeia, imitative of the bird's call.
  • May be a corruption of 烏 (karasu, “crow”) + 鷺 (sagi, “heron, egret”):
    /karasu saɡi/ → */kasːaɡi/ → /kasasaɡi/
  • May be a corruption of カラ (kara, onomatopoeia for cawing, seen in 烏 (karasu), “crow”) + 鷦鷯 (sasagi, “wren”, obsolete):
    /kara sasaɡi/ → /kasasaɡi/
  • May be a corruption of カチカチ (kachikachi, onomatopoeia imitative of the bird's call) + 鷺 (sagi, “heron, egret”):
    /kat͡ɕikat͡ɕi saɡi/ → */kat̚t͡sasaɡi/ → /kasasaɡi/

Pronunciation

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Noun

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鵲(かささぎ) or 鵲(カササギ) • (kasasagi) 

  1. the Eurasian magpie, Pica pica
    Synonyms: (literally “Goryeo (ancient Korea) crow”) 高麗烏 (Kōrai-garasu), (literally “Joseon (medieval Korea) crow”) 朝鮮烏 (Chōsen-garasu)
Usage notes
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As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as カササギ (kasasagi).

Quotations
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For quotations using this term, see Citations:鵲.

Derived terms
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Proper noun

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鵲(かささぎ) • (Kasasagi) 

  1. (historical) an 鴻 (Ōtori)-class torpedo boat of the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II
  2. a surname

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
鵲
じゃく
Hyōgai
kan'yōon

From Middle Chinese 鵲 (MC tshjak).

Affix

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鵲(じゃく) • (jaku) 

  1. Eurasian magpie
Derived terms
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References

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  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988), 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  3. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Further reading

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Korean

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Hanja

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鵲 • (jak) (hangeul 작, revised jak, McCune–Reischauer chak, Yale cak)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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鵲: Hán Nôm readings: thước

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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