haka

See also: hakā, háka, häkä, håkå, and Håka

English

WOTD – 6 February 2018

Etymology

Māori warriors performing a haka at a pōhiri ceremony to welcome United States Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta when he visited Auckland, New Zealand, on 21 September 2012

Borrowed from Māori haka, from Proto-Polynesian *saka, from Proto-Oceanic *sagaʀ. The word is cognate with Hawaiian haʻa (“dance”), Mangarevan ʻaka (“to perform a traditional dance; a usually warlike dance accompanied by a chant”), Rarotongan ʻaka (“dance”), Samoan saʻa (“dance”), Tokelauan haka (“dance”), Tongan haka (“hand action made while singing”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈhɑːkə/, /ˈhæ-/

  • Audio (Southern England); /ˈhæ-/:

    (file)

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈhɑkə/, /ˈhæ-/
• (New Zealand) IPA^(key): /ˈhaka/, /ˈhaːka/
• Rhymes: -ɑːkə, -ækə
• Homophone: Hakka (in some dialects)
• Hyphenation: ha‧ka

Noun

haka (plural hakas or haka)

1. A group dance of New Zealand's Māori people featuring rhythmic chanting, vigorous facial and arm movements, and foot stamping. Traditionally a war dance, today it is also performed to welcome guests, as a mark of respect at occasions such as commemorations and funerals, as a challenge to opposing teams at sports events, and for artistic purposes.
   • 1838, J[oel] S[amuel] Polack, chapter III, in New Zealand: Being a Narrative of Travels and Adventures during a Residence in that Country between the Years 1831 and 1837. [...] In Two Volumes, volume I, London: Richard Bentley, New Burlington Street, publisher in ordinary to Her Majesty, →OCLC, page 81:

     After each of my retinue were presented to the chief, partaking of the honour of the ougi, or salutation, the hákà, or dance of welcome, was performed; this was commenced by our entertainers, who placed themselves in an extended line, in ranks four deep. This dance, to a stranger witnessing it for the first time, is calculated to excite the most alarming fears; […]

   • 1876 January, “A Week among the Maoris of Lake Taupo”, in The Cornhill Magazine, volume XXXIII, number 193, London: Smith, Elder & Co., 15 Waterloo Place, →OCLC, page 65:

     A "Haka" is the native dance, answering to the corroboree of the Australian aboriginals, and we were anxious to see it. […] Later in the evening, however, the complaisant Herekiekie entertained a small and select party at a "Haka" in his "whare" or house (pronounced wharry). It was exactly what I expected. The performers, all male, stood in a row, one, slightly advanced, acting as fugleman. They shouted and gesticulated with the most hideous and revolting gestures, grimaces, and yells.

   • 1986, Sylvia Ashton-Warner, “Life in a Maori School”, in Teacher (A Touchstone Book), 1st Touchstone edition, New York, N.Y.: Simon & Schuster, →ISBN, pages 198 and 200:

     [T]he children might get up and dance in the middle of their sums. Matawhero might stand up and lead a haka if I'm not careful. Oh dear.

   • 2011 October 23, Tom Fordyce, “2011 Rugby World Cup Final: New Zealand 8 – 7 France”, in BBC Sport‎^[4], archived from the original on 3 April 2017:

     An already febrile atmosphere within the ground before the start had been stoked still further when France's players formed an arrow formation to face down the haka, and then advanced slowly over halfway as the capacity crowd roared.

   • 2013, Matt J. Rossano, “Mountain Rituals”, in Mortal Rituals: What the Story of the Andes Survivors Tells Us about Human Evolution, New York, N.Y.; Chichester, West Sussex: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, pages 105–106:

     The Maori haka ritual has been made famous by the All Blacks, New Zealand's national rugby team. Before each match, the All Blacks face their opponents and engage in a synchronized display of hand-slapping, feet-stomping, chest-pumping, tongue-wagging, and eye-popping chanting and dancing designed to intimidate their opponents. The All Blacks' version of the haka is called ka-mate, a war haka or peruperu. […] But hakas are not restricted to war; they are also used as a welcome to strangers, as part of a funeral, or as part of various celebrations and ceremonies.

Derived terms

• kapa haka

Translations

group dance of New Zealand's Māori people

• Arabic: هَاكَا f (hākā)
• Armenian: հակա (hy) (haka)
• Bulgarian: ха́ка (bg) f (háka)
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 毛利人戰舞 / 毛利人战舞

  Mandarin: 哈卡舞 (hākǎwǔ)

• Czech: haka (cs)
• Galician: haka
• Georgian: ჰაკა (haḳa)
• German: Haka m
• Hebrew: האקה
• Hindi: हाका (hākā)
• Japanese: ハカ (haka)
• Korean: 하카 (haka)
• Māori: haka
• Persian: هاکا (hâkâ)
• Russian: ха́ка (ru) f (xáka)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: хака

• Ukrainian: га́ка f (háka)

Verb

haka (third-person singular simple present hakas, present participle hakaing, simple past and past participle hakaed)

1. (intransitive) To perform the haka.
   • 1870, Richard Taylor, “Traditions and Legends. (Continued.) [The Story of Tama te Kapua, and His Brother Wakaturia.]”, in Te Ika a Maui; or, New Zealand and Its Inhabitants. Illustrating the Origin, Manners, Customs, Mythology, Religion, Rites, Songs, Proverbs, Fables, and Language of the Maori and Polynesian Races in General; together with the Geology, Natural History, Productions, and Climate of the Country, 2nd edition, London: William Macintosh, 24, Paternoster Row; Wanganui, New Zealand: H. Ireson Jones, →OCLC, page 274:

     [T]hey hoisted him up to the ridge pole and lighted the fire; they began to haka, when they were tired of that they sang songs, […]

   • 1888, John White, “Hotu-nui. (Nga-ti-maru.)”, in The Ancient History of the Maori, His Mythology and Traditions. Tai-Nui, volume IV, Wellington: By authority; George Didsbury, government printer, →OCLC, pages 213–214:

     [page 213] The haka is one of the Maori's most honourable games that can be performed to entertain strangers; and when such is played it is a sign of a people of chiefs and days of peace. The people played this game to her that Te-kahu-rere-moa might haka and entertain them, that they might see how beautifully she could haka. […] [page 214] She hakaed for some time, and all the people were quite in love with her.

   • 2011, Glyn Harper, editor, Letters from Gallipoli: New Zealand Soldiers Write Home‎^[5], Auckland: Auckland University Press, →ISBN:

     We captured the trenches midst our hakas and cheering. The other party did well, we could hear them on the opposite hill cheering, and hakaing as they went along.

Translations

to perform the haka

Further reading

• haka on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• haka (sports) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• Akha

'Are'are

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /haka/
• Hyphenation: ha‧ka

Noun

haka

1. boat

References

• Naitoro, Kateřina (2013) A Sketch Grammar of 'Are'are: The Sound System and Morpho-Syntax (Thesis)‎^[6], Christchurch, New Zealand: University of Canterbury, archived from the original on 2017-11-28

Czech

Etymology

Borrowed from Māori haka.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɦaka]
• Rhymes: -aka
• Hyphenation: ha‧ka

Noun

haka f

1. haka (dance of New Zealand's Māori people featuring rhythmic chanting, vigorous facial and arm movements, and foot stamping.)
   • 2015 September 22, Pavel Jahoda, “Nejenom haka straší na MS soupeře. K vidění jsou i sipi tau či bole”, in ČT sport‎^[7], archived from the original on 15 June 2016:

     Haka k Novému Zélandu a některým jeho sportovním týmům neodmyslitelně patří, ale nejznámější je ve spojení právě s ragby. Sport známý svou tvrdostí získává slavným tancem, při němž hráči používají všemožné grimasy včetně vyplazování jazyka, tleskají, plácají se po stehnech a rytmicky zpívají, kouzlo, které uchvátilo davy fanoušků po celém světě.

     Haka is inseparable from rugby. The sport, which is known for rough play, gets another charm thanks to the dance, during which the players use various facial expressions including sticking out their tongues, clap their hands and slap their thighs.

Declension

Declension of haka (hard feminine)

	singular	plural
nominative	haka	haky
genitive	haky	hak
dative	hace	hakám
accusative	haku	haky
vocative	hako	haky
locative	hace	hakách
instrumental	hakou	hakami

Finnish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhɑkɑ/, [ˈhɑ̝kɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -ɑkɑ
• Syllabification^(key): ha‧ka
• Hyphenation^(key): ha‧ka

Etymology 1

Borrowed from dialectal Late Old Swedish [Term?] (compare dialectal haka, standard hake). First attested in 1432 (in Haganristi).

Noun

haka

1. hook, clasp (type of fastener)

Declension

Inflection of haka (Kotus type 9*D/kala, k–∅ gradation)
nominative		haka	haat
genitive		haan	hakojen
partitive		hakaa	hakoja
illative		hakaan	hakoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		haka	haat
accusative	nom.	haka	haat
	gen.	haan
genitive		haan	hakojen hakain rare
partitive		hakaa	hakoja
inessive		haassa	haoissa
elative		haasta	haoista
illative		hakaan	hakoihin
adessive		haalla	haoilla
ablative		haalta	haoilta
allative		haalle	haoille
essive		hakana	hakoina
translative		haaksi	haoiksi
abessive		haatta	haoitta
instructive		—	haoin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of haka (Kotus type 9*D/kala, k–∅ gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative hakani hakani accusative nom. hakani hakani gen. hakani genitive hakani hakojeni hakaini rare partitive hakaani hakojani inessive haassani haoissani elative haastani haoistani illative hakaani hakoihini adessive haallani haoillani ablative haaltani haoiltani allative haalleni haoilleni essive hakanani hakoinani translative haakseni haoikseni abessive haattani haoittani instructive — — comitative — hakoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative hakasi hakasi accusative nom. hakasi hakasi gen. hakasi genitive hakasi hakojesi hakaisi rare partitive hakaasi hakojasi inessive haassasi haoissasi elative haastasi haoistasi illative hakaasi hakoihisi adessive haallasi haoillasi ablative haaltasi haoiltasi allative haallesi haoillesi essive hakanasi hakoinasi translative haaksesi haoiksesi abessive haattasi haoittasi instructive — — comitative — hakoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative hakamme hakamme accusative nom. hakamme hakamme gen. hakamme genitive hakamme hakojemme hakaimme rare partitive hakaamme hakojamme inessive haassamme haoissamme elative haastamme haoistamme illative hakaamme hakoihimme adessive haallamme haoillamme ablative haaltamme haoiltamme allative haallemme haoillemme essive hakanamme hakoinamme translative haaksemme haoiksemme abessive haattamme haoittamme instructive — — comitative — hakoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative hakanne hakanne accusative nom. hakanne hakanne gen. hakanne genitive hakanne hakojenne hakainne rare partitive hakaanne hakojanne inessive haassanne haoissanne elative haastanne haoistanne illative hakaanne hakoihinne adessive haallanne haoillanne ablative haaltanne haoiltanne allative haallenne haoillenne essive hakananne hakoinanne translative haaksenne haoiksenne abessive haattanne haoittanne instructive — — comitative — hakoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative hakansa hakansa accusative nom. hakansa hakansa gen. hakansa genitive hakansa hakojensa hakainsa rare partitive hakaansa hakojaan hakojansa inessive haassaan haassansa haoissaan haoissansa elative haastaan haastansa haoistaan haoistansa illative hakaansa hakoihinsa adessive haallaan haallansa haoillaan haoillansa ablative haaltaan haaltansa haoiltaan haoiltansa allative haalleen haallensa haoilleen haoillensa essive hakanaan hakanansa hakoinaan hakoinansa translative haakseen haaksensa haoikseen haoiksensa abessive haattaan haattansa haoittaan haoittansa instructive — — comitative — hakoineen hakoinensa

Derived terms

• entraushaka
• haka-avain
• hakaliitos
• hakalukko
• hakaluu
• hakanen
• hakaneula
• hakapyssy
• hakarauta
• hakaristi
• hakasauma
• hakasulje
• hakasulku
• hakaus
• hakaviivain
• hakaviivoitin
• hollihaka
• ikkunanhaka
• jousihaka
• karbiinihaka
• kiertohaka
• latomahaka
• palohaka
• salpahaka
• syöttöhaka
• tuulihaka
• uittohaka
• vannehaka
• vasikkahaka

Further reading

• “1. haka”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[8] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 1 July 2023

Etymology 2

Probably borrowed from Old Swedish hagha, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *hagô (“enclosure, yard; pasture”).

Noun

haka

1. paddock, corral, croft (enclosure for livestock to graze in, especially one with deciduous trees)

Declension

Inflection of haka (Kotus type 9*D/kala, k–∅ gradation)
nominative		haka	haat
genitive		haan	hakojen
partitive		hakaa	hakoja
illative		hakaan	hakoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		haka	haat
accusative	nom.	haka	haat
	gen.	haan
genitive		haan	hakojen hakain rare
partitive		hakaa	hakoja
inessive		haassa	haoissa
elative		haasta	haoista
illative		hakaan	hakoihin
adessive		haalla	haoilla
ablative		haalta	haoilta
allative		haalle	haoille
essive		hakana	hakoina
translative		haaksi	haoiksi
abessive		haatta	haoitta
instructive		—	haoin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of haka (Kotus type 9*D/kala, k–∅ gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative hakani hakani accusative nom. hakani hakani gen. hakani genitive hakani hakojeni hakaini rare partitive hakaani hakojani inessive haassani haoissani elative haastani haoistani illative hakaani hakoihini adessive haallani haoillani ablative haaltani haoiltani allative haalleni haoilleni essive hakanani hakoinani translative haakseni haoikseni abessive haattani haoittani instructive — — comitative — hakoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative hakasi hakasi accusative nom. hakasi hakasi gen. hakasi genitive hakasi hakojesi hakaisi rare partitive hakaasi hakojasi inessive haassasi haoissasi elative haastasi haoistasi illative hakaasi hakoihisi adessive haallasi haoillasi ablative haaltasi haoiltasi allative haallesi haoillesi essive hakanasi hakoinasi translative haaksesi haoiksesi abessive haattasi haoittasi instructive — — comitative — hakoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative hakamme hakamme accusative nom. hakamme hakamme gen. hakamme genitive hakamme hakojemme hakaimme rare partitive hakaamme hakojamme inessive haassamme haoissamme elative haastamme haoistamme illative hakaamme hakoihimme adessive haallamme haoillamme ablative haaltamme haoiltamme allative haallemme haoillemme essive hakanamme hakoinamme translative haaksemme haoiksemme abessive haattamme haoittamme instructive — — comitative — hakoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative hakanne hakanne accusative nom. hakanne hakanne gen. hakanne genitive hakanne hakojenne hakainne rare partitive hakaanne hakojanne inessive haassanne haoissanne elative haastanne haoistanne illative hakaanne hakoihinne adessive haallanne haoillanne ablative haaltanne haoiltanne allative haallenne haoillenne essive hakananne hakoinanne translative haaksenne haoiksenne abessive haattanne haoittanne instructive — — comitative — hakoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative hakansa hakansa accusative nom. hakansa hakansa gen. hakansa genitive hakansa hakojensa hakainsa rare partitive hakaansa hakojaan hakojansa inessive haassaan haassansa haoissaan haoissansa elative haastaan haastansa haoistaan haoistansa illative hakaansa hakoihinsa adessive haallaan haallansa haoillaan haoillansa ablative haaltaan haaltansa haoiltaan haoiltansa allative haalleen haallensa haoilleen haoillensa essive hakanaan hakanansa hakoinaan hakoinansa translative haakseen haaksensa haoikseen haoiksensa abessive haattaan haattansa haoittaan haoittansa instructive — — comitative — hakoineen hakoinensa

Derived terms

• Haka
• Hakala
• Hakanen

compounds

• Haanperä
• Haanpää
• hakahapero
• Hakalahti
• hakamaa
• Hakamaa
• Hakamäki
• Hakasalo
• Kivihaka
• Koivuhaka
• Kruununhaka
• lehmihaka

Further reading

• “2. haka”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[9] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 1 July 2023

Etymology 3

From dialectal Swedish hake.

Adjective

haka (not comparable) (informal)

1. (indeclinable) very good, skilled, masterful

Usage notes

Chiefly used in the verb phrase olla haka (+ inessive), meaning "to be (very) good at something, to be a master at". Only used predicatively in any case (never attributively).

Declension

Indeclinable.

Derived terms

compounds

• hakamies

Anagrams

• kaha

Hadza

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɦaka/

Verb

haka

1. to go

   Synonym: etlhikwa

Hawaiian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈha.ka/, [ˈhɐ.kə]

Etymology 1

From Proto-Polynesian *fata (“shelf, platform”), from Proto-Central Pacific *vata, from Proto-Oceanic *pataʀ (“shelf, platform”), from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *pataʀ, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *pataʀ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pataʀ (“shelf, platform”). Cognates include Māori whata (“shelf, raised platform for food”), Tahitian fata (“altar of a marae”), Tongan fata (“shelf, platform”) and Samoan fata (“shelf, platform”).

Noun

haka

1. shelf, rack

   Synonym: haka kau

2. perch, roost
3. platform

Etymology 2

From Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *fata (“gap”). Cognates include Rapa Nui hata (“open”).

Noun

haka

1. hole, breach
2. vacancy

Verb

haka

1. empty, vacant
2. full of holes

Derived terms

• hakahaka (reduplicated form)
• hoʻohaka (casuative/simulative)
• pōhaka (“splotch”)
• ʻolohaka (“empty; emptiness”)

References

• Pukui, Mary Kawena; Elbert, Samuel H. (1986), “haka”, in Hawaiian Dictionary, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, →ISBN, pages 48–9

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈhaːka]
• Rhymes: -aːka

Etymology 1

From Old Norse haka.

Noun

haka f (genitive singular höku, nominative plural hökur)

1. (anatomy) chin

Declension

Declension of haka (feminine)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	haka	hakan	hökur	hökurnar
accusative	höku	hökuna	hökur	hökurnar
dative	höku	hökunni	hökum	hökunum
genitive	höku	hökunnar	haka	hakanna

Etymology 2

See haki (“pick”).

Verb

haka (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative hakaði, supine hakað)

1. to pick (with a pickaxe)
2. to mark [with við ‘with a check mark’]

Conjugation

haka – active voice (germynd)

infinitive nafnháttur		að haka
supine sagnbót		hakað
present participle lýsingarháttur nútíðar		hakandi
		indicative framsöguháttur			subjunctive viðtengingarháttur
		present nútíð	past þátíð		present nútíð	past þátíð
singular	ég	haka	hakaði		haki	hakaði
	þú	hakar	hakaðir		hakir	hakaðir
	hann, hún, það	hakar	hakaði		haki	hakaði
plural	við	hökum	hökuðum		hökum	hökuðum
	þið	hakið	hökuðuð		hakið	hökuðuð
	þeir, þær, þau	haka	hökuðu		haki	hökuðu
		imperative boðháttur
singular	þú	haka (þú), hakaðu
plural	þið	hakið (þið), hakiði1

¹ Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

hakast – mediopassive voice (miðmynd)

infinitive nafnháttur		að hakast
supine sagnbót		hakast
present participle lýsingarháttur nútíðar		hakandist (rare; see appendix)
		indicative framsöguháttur			subjunctive viðtengingarháttur
		present nútíð	past þátíð		present nútíð	past þátíð
singular	ég	hakast	hakaðist		hakist	hakaðist
	þú	hakast	hakaðist		hakist	hakaðist
	hann, hún, það	hakast	hakaðist		hakist	hakaðist
plural	við	hökumst	hökuðumst		hökumst	hökuðumst
	þið	hakist	hökuðust		hakist	hökuðust
	þeir, þær, þau	hakast	hökuðust		hakist	hökuðust
		imperative boðháttur
singular	þú	hakast (þú), hakastu
plural	þið	hakist (þið), hakisti1

¹ Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

hakaður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)

strong declension (sterk beyging)	singular (eintala)			plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	hakaður	hökuð	hakað	hakaðir	hakaðar	hökuð
accusative (þolfall)	hakaðan	hakaða	hakað	hakaða	hakaðar	hökuð
dative (þágufall)	hökuðum	hakaðri	hökuðu	hökuðum	hökuðum	hökuðum
genitive (eignarfall)	hakaðs	hakaðrar	hakaðs	hakaðra	hakaðra	hakaðra
weak declension (veik beyging)	singular (eintala)			plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	hakaði	hakaða	hakaða	hökuðu	hökuðu	hökuðu
accusative (þolfall)	hakaða	hökuðu	hakaða	hökuðu	hökuðu	hökuðu
dative (þágufall)	hakaða	hökuðu	hakaða	hökuðu	hökuðu	hökuðu
genitive (eignarfall)	hakaða	hökuðu	hakaða	hökuðu	hökuðu	hökuðu

Etymology 3

Noun

haka

1. indefinite accusative singular of haki
2. indefinite dative singular of haki
3. indefinite genitive singular of haki
4. indefinite accusative plural of haki
5. indefinite genitive plural of haki

Japanese

Romanization

haka

1. Rōmaji transcription of はか

Khoekhoe

Khoekhoe cardinal numbers

<  3	4	5  >
Cardinal : haka

Numeral

haka

1. four

Kikuyu

FWOTD – 27 August 2019

Etymology

Hinde (1904) records kuhaka as an equivalent of English paint in “Jogowini dialect” of Kikuyu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /haka/

Verb

haka (infinitive kũhaka)

1. to paint, to smear
2. to propitiate by gift
3. to bribe

Māori

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *saka, from Proto-Central Pacific *saka, from Proto-Oceanic *sagaʀ. Cognates include Hawaiian haʻa (“dance”), Mangarevan ʻaka (“to perform a traditional dance; a usually warlike dance accompanied by a chant”), Rarotongan ʻaka (“dance”), Samoan saʻa (“dance”), Tokelauan haka (“dance”) and Tongan haka (“hand action made while singing”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhaka/ [ˈhɐkɐ]

Noun

haka

1. A war dance; a haka.

Usage notes

Used in the form haka-a.

Derived terms

• haka taparahi (a ceremonial haka)
• kapa haka (the participants in the haka)

Related terms

• peruperu (the proper term for the war dance)

Descendants

• → English: haka
  • → Norwegian Nynorsk: haka
• → Czech: haka

Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

• haken

Noun

haka c

1. definite feminine singular of hake (Etymology 1)

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

Borrowed from English haka, from Māori haka.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhɑː.kɑ/

Noun

haka m (definite singular hakaen)

1. haka dance

Etymology 2

To the noun hake m.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²hɑ(ː).kɑ/

Verb

haka (present tense hakar, past tense haka, past participle haka, passive infinitive hakast, present participle hakande, imperative haka/hak)

1. a-infinitive and split infinitive form of hake

Etymology 3

From Old Norse haka f.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²hɑ(ː).kɑ/

Noun

haka f

1. definite singular of hake (“chin”)
2. (pre-2012) alternative form of hake

Etymology 4

H-insertion on ake with split infinitive. From Old Norse aka, from Proto-Germanic *akaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éǵeti.

Verb

haka (past tense hok)

2. (dialectal, Eastern Norway) alternative form of aka (“to go; glide”)
   • 1953, Reidar Holtvedt, Historier fra Krokskauen, Oslo: Aschehoug, page 196:

     Ja, guttungen hok der forrige daen, han, og je har nå høki der je au, sa han.

     Yeah. The kid went there the other day, he. And I have gone there as well, says he.

Etymology 5

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhɑː.kɑ/

Noun

haka n

1. definite plural of hak

References

• “haka” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
• “haka”, in Norsk Ordbok: Ordbok over det Norske Folkemålet og det Nynorske Skriftmålet (in Norwegian Nynorsk), Oslo: Det Norske Samlaget, 1950–2016, →ISBN.
• “haka” in Ivar Aasen (1873) Norsk Ordbog med dansk Forklaring

Old Norse

Etymology

Related to the root of haki (“hook, pick”), from Proto-Germanic *hakô, referring to something pointing out.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhaka/
• Rhymes: -aka

Noun

haka f (genitive hǫku, plural hǫkur)

1. chin

Declension

Declension of haka (weak ōn-stem)

feminine	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	haka	hakan	hǫkur	hǫkurnar
accusative	hǫku	hǫkuna	hǫkur	hǫkurnar
dative	hǫku	hǫkunni	hǫkum	hǫkunum
genitive	hǫku	hǫkunnar	hakna	haknanna

Descendants

• Icelandic: haka
• Faroese: høka
• Norwegian: hake
• Swedish: haka
• Danish: hage

Further reading

Zoëga, Geir T. (1910), “haka”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive

Polish

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ˈxa.ka/

• (Greater Poland):
  • (Northern Greater Poland) IPA^(key): [ˈxa.ka]

• Rhymes: -aka
• Syllabification: ha‧ka

Etymology 1

Borrowed from German Hacke.

Noun

haka f

1. (Northern Greater Poland, Łabiszyn, Czeszewo, agriculture) synonym of motyka

Derived terms

nouns

• haczka

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

haka m inan

1. genitive/accusative singular of hak

Further reading

• Jan Karłowicz (1901), “haka”, in Słownik gwar polskich [Dictionary of Polish dialects] (in Polish), volume 2: F do K, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 159

Rapa Nui

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *faka-. Cognates include Hawaiian haʻa- and Māori whaka-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈha.ka/
• Hyphenation: ha‧ka

Particle

haka

1. Used to indicate the causative aspect.

Derived terms

• haka'ite

References

• Veronica Du Feu (1996), Rapanui (Descriptive Grammars), Routledge, →ISBN, page 153
• Paulus Kieviet (2017), A grammar of Rapa Nui‎^[10], Berlin: Language Science Press, →ISBN, page 441

Swedish

en haka

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Etymology 1

From Old Norse haka.

Noun

haka c

1. (anatomy) chin (lower part of face)

Declension

Declension of haka

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	haka	hakas
	definite	hakan	hakans
plural	indefinite	hakor	hakors
	definite	hakorna	hakornas

Derived terms

• dubbelhaka

See also

• kind (“cheek”)

Etymology 2

hake (“hook”) +‎ -a

Verb

haka (present hakar, preterite hakade, supine hakat, imperative haka)

1. (often with fast, på, or upp) to hook (attach with something hook-like)
2. (often with i) to get hooked (stuck on something hook-like, not figuratively)

Conjugation

Conjugation of haka (weak)

	active		passive
infinitive	haka		hakas
supine	hakat		hakats
imperative	haka		—
imper. plural1	haken		—
	present	past	present	past
indicative	hakar	hakade	hakas	hakades
ind. plural1	haka	hakade	hakas	hakades
subjunctive2	hake	hakade	hakes	hakades
present participle		hakande
past participle		hakad

¹ Archaic. ² Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Derived terms

• haka på
• haka upp sig

References

• “haka”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish)
• “haka”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
• “haka”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
• Svensk MeSH

Tagalog

Alternative forms

• haca — obsolete, Spanish-based spelling

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈhakaʔ/ [ˈhaː.x̠ɐʔ]
• Rhymes: -akaʔ
• Syllabification: ha‧ka

Noun

hakà (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜃ)

1. idea; opinion

   Synonyms: palagay, kuro, kuro-kuro, opinyon

2. notion; understanding

   Synonyms: pagkaunawa, pagkaintindi, pagkahiwatig

3. belief

   Synonyms: paniwala, paniniwala

4. guess

   Synonym: hula

5. suspicion

   Synonyms: hinala, paghihinala

Derived terms

• di-mahaka
• haka-haka
• hakain
• paghahaka

Anagrams

• kaha