Pari (letter)

Pari
Pari
Ⴔ ⴔ ფ Ფ
Usage
Writing system	Georgian script
Type	Alphabetic
Language of origin	Georgian language
Sound values	[p⁽ʰ⁾]
In Unicode	U+10B4, U+2D14, U+10E4, U+1CA4
Alphabetical position	24
History
Development	𓃻? 𐤒 Ϙ ϙ Φ φ Ⴔ ⴔ ფ Ფ; ; ; ; ;
Time period	c. 430 to present
Transliterations	P, P’, P‘
Other
Associated numbers	500
Writing direction	Left-to-right
	This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.

This article contains Georgian text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Georgian letters.

Pari, or Phar (Asomtavruli: Ⴔ; Nuskhuri: ⴔ; Mkhedruli: ფ; Mtavruli: Ფ; Georgian: ფარი, ფარი) is the 24th letter of the three Georgian scripts.^[1]

In the system of Georgian numerals, it has a value of 500.^[2] Pari represents the voiceless bilabial (aspirated) plosive /p⁽ʰ⁾/,^[3] like the pronunciation of ⟨p⟩ in "part" or "pan". It is typically romanized with the letter P, P’ or P‘.^[4]

Letter

asomtavruli	nuskhuri	mkhedruli	mtavruli

asomtavruli	nuskhuri	mkhedruli

asomtavruli^[5]	nuskhuri^[6]	mkhedruli^[7]

Character information
Preview	Ⴔ		ⴔ		ფ		Ფ
Unicode name	GEORGIAN CAPITAL LETTER PHAR^[8]		GEORGIAN SMALL LETTER PHAR^[9]		GEORGIAN LETTER PHAR^[8]		GEORGIAN MTAVRULI CAPITAL LETTER PHAR
Encodings	decimal	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex
Unicode	4276	U+10B4	11540	U+2D14	4324	U+10E4	7332	U+1CA4
UTF-8	225 130 180	E1 82 B4	226 180 148	E2 B4 94	225 131 164	E1 83 A4	225 178 164	E1 B2 A4
Numeric character reference	Ⴔ	Ⴔ	ⴔ	ⴔ	ფ	ფ	Ფ	Ფ

mkhedruli^[10]

↑ Machavariani, p. 136
↑ Mchedlidze, (2) p. 80
↑ Aronson, Howard Isaac. Georgian: A Reading Grammar. — Columbus, OH : Slavica Publishers, 1990. — p. 18. — ISBN 978-0-89357-207-5
↑ "Transliteration of Georgian" (PDF).
↑ Mchedlidze, I, p. 105
↑ Mchedlidze, I, p. 107
↑ Mchedlidze, I, p. 110
1 2 Unicode (1)
↑ Unicode (2)
↑ UNESCO, World Braille Usage, Third Edition, Washington, D.C. p. 45

Mchedlidze, T. (1) The restored Georgian alphabet, Fulda, Germany, 2013
Mchedlidze, T. (2) The Georgian script; Dictionary and guide, Fulda, Germany, 2013
Machavariani, E. Georgian manuscripts, Tbilisi, 2011
The Unicode Standard, Version 6.3, (1) Georgian, 1991-2013
The Unicode Standard, Version 6.3, (2) Georgian Supplement, 1991-2013