If you're working with a Raspberry Pi for computer vision or AI projects, getting everything set up can be confusing—especially with newer devices like the Raspberry Pi 5.

This guide compiles all essential commands used for:

• Setting up your Raspberry Pi
• Configuring network access
• Enabling remote control
• Troubleshooting camera issues
• Capturing images

🧠 1. System Setup & Updates

Before doing anything, your system should be updated:

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

🌐 2. Network & IP Configuration

Check IP address

hostname -I

👉 This is needed for:

• SSH connection
• VNC connection

🔐 3. Remote Access Setup

Enable SSH and VNC

sudo raspi-config

Then navigate:

Interface Options → Enable SSH
Interface Options → Enable VNC

Connect via SSH

ssh pi@<IP_ADDRESS>

Example:

ssh pi@192.168.43.25

🖥️ 4. VNC (Remote Desktop Access)

Used when you want full GUI access from your laptop.

Steps:

1. Enable VNC (see above)
2. Install VNC Viewer on your laptop
3. Connect using:

<IP_ADDRESS>

📸 5. Camera System (Important Update)

On modern Raspberry Pi OS:

Camera is enabled by default (libcamera system)

👉 You will NOT see "Camera" in raspi-config anymore.

🧪 6. Test Camera

Preview camera

rpicam-hello

👉 Works only on GUI (monitor or VNC)

Capture image

rpicam-still -o test.jpg

Record video

rpicam-vid -t 5000 -o video.h264

📂 7. File Management Commands

List files

ls

Create folder

mkdir dataset
cd dataset

🔁 8. Capture Multiple Images

for i in {1..10}; do rpicam-still -o img_$i.jpg; sleep 2; done

🖼️ 9. Open Image (on Raspberry Pi GUI)

xdg-open test.jpg

🧪 10. Python + OpenCV Setup

Start Python

python3

Import OpenCV

import cv2

Load image

img = cv2.imread("test.jpg")

Resize image

resized = cv2.resize(img, (224, 224))
cv2.imwrite("resized.jpg", resized)

Convert to grayscale

gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
cv2.imwrite("gray.jpg", gray)

Convert to HSV

hsv = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV)
cv2.imwrite("hsv.jpg", hsv)

Exit Python

exit()

⚠️ 11. Common Troubleshooting

Camera not working?

Check:

• Cable orientation
• Proper connection
• Correct port (Pi 5 has 2 ports)

No preview?

SSH = No preview
VNC/Monitor = Preview works

Restart system

sudo reboot

🧠 Key Takeaways

✔ Raspberry Pi OS now uses libcamera
✔ No manual camera enable needed
✔ rpicam-* commands replace raspistill
✔ SSH is for control, not display
✔ VNC gives full desktop access

🎯 Final Thoughts

Once your Raspberry Pi and camera are set up:

👉 You are ready to:

• Collect image datasets
• Train AI models
• Deploy computer vision applications

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