Python基础---Formatting Numbers（对数字格式化）

保留小数点后几位

e.g.

>>> print(format(1.23456, '.2f'))
1.23

• The .2 specifies the precision. It indicates that we want to round the number to two decimal places.
• The f specifies that the data type of the number we are formatting is a floating-point number.

Scientific Notation(科学计数法)

e.g.

>>> print(format(123.456, '.2e'))
1.23e+02
>>> print(format(123.456, '.2E'))
1.23E+02

Inserting Comma Separators（逗号分隔法）

>>> print(format(12345.6789, ',.2f'))
12,345.68
>>> print(format(12345.6789, ',f'))
12,345.678900

Specifying a Minimum Field Width（指定数字宽度）

# 以'x'填充参数右边，宽度为 12
>>> print("The weight is ", format(12345.6789, 'x<12.2f'), "Kg")
The weight is  12345.68xxxx Kg
# 以'x'填充参数左边，宽度为 12
>>> print("The weight is ", format(12345.6789, 'x>12.2f'), "Kg")
The weight is  xxxx12345.68 Kg

Formatting a Floating-Point Number as a Percentage（百分比）

# 保留小数点后两位，以百分比表示
>>> print(format(0.62345, '.2%'))
62.34%

Formatting Integers（对整数格式化）

# 以'x'填充参数右边，宽度为15，逗号分隔，数字类型为整数
>>> print(format(123456789, 'x<15,d'))
123,456,789xxxx

参考文献
[1] Tony Gaddis，Starting Out with Python[M]，United Kingdom: Pearson，2019