[J2SE]两种字节序:Big Endian和Little Endian

今天搜到的一个知识，分享 一下。

1．故事的起源

      “endian”这个词出自《格列佛游记》 。小人国的内战就源于吃鸡蛋时是究竟从大头(Big-Endian)敲开还是从小头(Little-Endian)敲开，由此曾发生过六次叛乱，其中一个皇帝送了命，另一个丢了王位。
      我们一般将endian翻译成“字节序”，将big endian和little endian称作“大尾”和“小尾”(我宁可称为“大字节序”与“小字节序”，不受“尾”字的干扰)。

2.正文
     谈到字节序的问题，必然牵涉到两大CPU派系。那就是Motorola的PowerPC系列CPU和 Intel的x86系列CPU。PowerPC系列采用big endian方式存储数据 ，而x86系列则采用little endian方式存储数据。那么究竟什么是big endian，什么又是little endian呢？

3.下面附一转载的代码 ，可实现两种字序下byte[]数组与int之间的互相转换：

//工具类 package lab.sodino.endian; /** * @author Sodino E-mail:sodinoopen@hotmail.com * @version Time 2011-1-14 下午03:19:12 */ public class EndianUtil { /** * 将字节数组转为 Java 中的 int 数值 * * @param bys * 字节数组 * @param start * 需要转换的起始索引点 * @param len * 需要转换的字节长度 * @param isBigEndian * 是否是 BE（true -- BE 序，false -- LE 序） * @return */ public static Object Bytes2NumWrapper(byte[] data, int start, int len, Class wrapper, boolean isBigEndian) { Object obj = null; int wrapperSize = 0; int move = 0; if (wrapper == Byte.class) { byte tmp = 0; wrapperSize = Byte.SIZE; move = Byte.SIZE / Byte.SIZE; for (int i = start, k = start + len % (wrapperSize / Byte.SIZE + 1); i < k; i++) { // ((i - start) % move))亦可只写为(i - start) tmp |= (data[i] & 0xff) << ((isBigEndian ? (k - i - 1) : ((i - start) % move)) * Byte.SIZE); } obj = new Byte(tmp); } else if (wrapper == Short.class) { short tmp = 0; wrapperSize = Short.SIZE; move = Short.SIZE / Byte.SIZE; for (int i = start, k = start + len % (wrapperSize / Byte.SIZE + 1); i < k; i++) { // ((i - start) % move))亦可只写为(i - start) tmp |= (data[i] & 0xff) << ((isBigEndian ? (k - i - 1) : ((i - start) % move)) * Byte.SIZE); } obj = new Short(tmp); } else if (wrapper == Integer.class) { int tmp = 0; wrapperSize = Integer.SIZE; move = Integer.SIZE / Byte.SIZE; for (int i = start, k = start + len % (wrapperSize / Byte.SIZE + 1); i < k; i++) { // ((i - start) % move))亦可只写为(i - start) tmp |= (data[i] & 0xff) << ((isBigEndian ? (k - i - 1) : ((i - start) % move)) * Byte.SIZE); } System.out.println("tmp=" + Integer.toHexString(tmp) + "/n----test End"); obj = new Integer(tmp); } else if (wrapper == Long.class) { long tmp = 0; wrapperSize = Long.SIZE; move = Long.SIZE / Byte.SIZE; for (int i = start, k = start + len % (wrapperSize / Byte.SIZE + 1); i < k; i++) { // 注意此处需得标明 0xff为l(long)型 // ((i - start) % move))亦可只写为(i - start) tmp |= (data[i] & 0xffl) << ((isBigEndian ? (k - i - 1) : ((i - start) % move)) * Byte.SIZE); } obj = new Long(tmp); } return obj; } /** * @param num * 指定的整型数 * @param isBigEndian * 是否是大字节序。 */ public static byte[] NumWrapper2Bytes(Object num, boolean isBigEndian) { byte[] data = null; int wrapperSize = 0; if (num instanceof Byte) { data = new byte[1]; data[0] = ((Byte) num).byteValue(); } else if (num instanceof Short) { wrapperSize = Short.SIZE; short tmp = ((Short) num).shortValue(); data = new byte[wrapperSize / Byte.SIZE]; for (int i = 0; i < data.length; i++) { data[i] = (byte) (tmp >>> ((isBigEndian ? (data.length - i - 1) : i)) * Byte.SIZE); } } else if (num instanceof Integer) { wrapperSize = Integer.SIZE; int tmp = ((Integer) num).intValue(); data = new byte[wrapperSize / Byte.SIZE]; for (int i = 0; i < data.length; i++) { data[i] = (byte) (tmp >>> ((isBigEndian ? (data.length - i - 1) : i)) * Byte.SIZE); } } else if (num instanceof Long) { wrapperSize = Long.SIZE; long tmp = ((Long) num).longValue(); data = new byte[wrapperSize / Byte.SIZE]; for (int i = 0; i < data.length; i++) { data[i] = (byte) (tmp >>> ((isBigEndian ? (data.length - i - 1) : i)) * Byte.SIZE); } } return data; } } //测试类 package lab.sodino.endian; import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileOutputStream; /** * @author Sodino E-mail:sodinoopen@hotmail.com * @version Time�?011-1-14 下午05:30:46 */ public class EndianMain { public static void main(String[] args) { testByte(); testShort(); testInteger(); testLong(); } public static void testByte() { byte[] data = EndianUtil.NumWrapper2Bytes(new Byte((byte) 0x01), false); System.out.print("data.length=" + data.length + " Content:"); for (int i = 0; i < data.length; i++) { System.out.print(data[i] + " "); } System.out.println("/nEnd NumWrapper2Bytes"); Object obj = EndianUtil.Bytes2NumWrapper(data, 0, data.length, Byte.class, false); byte num = ((Byte) obj).byteValue(); System.out.println(Integer.toHexString(num)); System.out.println("End Bytes2NumWrapper"); } public static void testShort() { byte[] data = EndianUtil.NumWrapper2Bytes(new Short((short) 0x0102), false); System.out.print("data.length=" + data.length + " Content:"); for (int i = 0; i < data.length; i++) { System.out.print(data[i] + " "); } System.out.println("/nEnd NumWrapper2Bytes"); Object obj = EndianUtil.Bytes2NumWrapper(data, 0, data.length, Short.class, false); short num = ((Short) obj).shortValue(); System.out.println("Hex:0x" + Integer.toHexString(num)); System.out.println("End Bytes2NumWrapper"); } public static void testInteger() { byte[] data = EndianUtil.NumWrapper2Bytes(new Integer(0x01020304), false); System.out.print("data.length=" + data.length + " Content:"); for (int i = 0; i < data.length; i++) { System.out.print(data[i] + " "); } System.out.println("/nEnd NumWrapper2Bytes"); Object obj = EndianUtil.Bytes2NumWrapper(data, 0, data.length, Integer.class, false); int num = ((Integer) obj).intValue(); System.out.println("Hex:0x" + Integer.toHexString(num)); System.out.println("End Bytes2NumWrapper"); } public static void testLong() { byte[] data = EndianUtil.NumWrapper2Bytes( new Long(0x0102030405060708l), false); System.out.print("data.length=" + data.length + " Content:"); for (int i = 0; i < data.length; i++) { System.out.print(data[i] + " "); } System.out.println("/nEnd NumWrapper2Bytes"); Object obj = EndianUtil.Bytes2NumWrapper(data, 0, data.length, Long.class, false); long num = ((Long) obj).longValue(); System.out.println("Hex:0x" + Long.toHexString(num)); System.out.println("End Bytes2NumWrapper"); } }

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