本文介绍 TPC-C 测试中的五个核心事务过程：新订单（New-Order）、支付操作（Payment）、发货（Delivery）、订单状态查询（Order-Status）及库存状态查询（Stock-Level），并详细展示了这些过程的 PL/SQL 实现。
5.TPC-C测试工具——创建事务过程
所谓存储过程(Stored Procedure)，就是一组用于完成特定数据库功能的SQL 语句集，该SQL语句集经过编译后存储在数据库系统中。在使用时候，用户通过指定已经定义的存储过程名字并给出相应的存储过程参数来调用并执行它，从而完成一个或一系列的数据库操作。
TPC-C主要是包含5个事务，在此创建5个事务过程，如下。
1、新订单（New-Order） ：客户输入一笔新的订货交易；
2、支付操作（Payment） ：更新客户帐户余额以反映其支付状况；
3、发货（Delivery） ：发货（模拟批处理交易）；
4、订单状态查询（Order-Status） ：查询客户最近交易的状态；
5、库存状态查询（Stock-Level） ：查询仓库库存状况，以便能够及时补货。
1. 存储过程创建语法
存储过程
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE 存储过程名
IS
BEGIN
NULL;
END;
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE 是一个SQL语句通知Oracle数据库去创建一个存储过程, 如果存在就覆盖它;
IS关键词表明后面将跟随一个PL/SQL体。
BEGIN关键词表明PL/SQL体的开始。
NULL PL/SQL语句表明什么事都不做，这句不能删去，因为PL/SQL体中至少需要有一句;
END关键词表明PL/SQL体的结束。
2. PL/SQL相关属性设置
alter session set PLSQL_OPTIMIZE_LEVEL = 2;
alter session set PLSQL_CODE_TYPE =INTERPRETED;
alter session set NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS =BYTE;
alter session set PLSQL_CCFLAGS = '';
alter session set PLSCOPE_SETTINGS ='IDENTIFIERS:NONE';
PLSQL_OPTIMIZE_LEVEL这个参数的值在0和2之间，默认值是2。这意味着，在默认情况下，PL/SQL编译器会执行优化操作。
PLSQL_CODE_TYPE compilation mode forPL/SQL library units. 可选INTERPRETED | NATIVE
NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS于指定CHAR列或VARCHAR2列的长度定义方式，默认值为BYTE。当设置该参数为BYTE时，定义CHAR列或VARCHAR2列采用字节长度方式；当设置该参数为CHAR时，定义CHAR列或VARCHAR2列采用字符个数方式。需要注意，设置该参数对于已存在参数没有作用。
PLSQL_CCFLAGS可以使用条件参数 PLSQL_CCFLAGS 提供对指定程序的细粒度访问。
3. NEWORD
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE NEWORD (
no_w_id INTEGER,
no_max_w_id INTEGER,
no_d_id INTEGER,
no_c_id INTEGER,
no_o_ol_cnt INTEGER,
no_c_discount OUTNUMBER,
no_c_last OUTVARCHAR2,
no_c_credit OUTVARCHAR2,
no_d_tax OUTNUMBER,
no_w_tax OUTNUMBER,
no_d_next_o_id INOUT INTEGER,
timestamp INDATE )
IS
no_ol_supply_w_id INTEGER;
no_ol_i_id NUMBER;
no_ol_quantity NUMBER;
no_o_all_local INTEGER;
o_id INTEGER;
no_i_name VARCHAR2(24);
no_i_price NUMBER(5,2);
no_i_data VARCHAR2(50);
no_s_quantity NUMBER(6);
no_ol_amount NUMBER(6,2);
no_s_dist_01 CHAR(24);
no_s_dist_02 CHAR(24);
no_s_dist_03 CHAR(24);
no_s_dist_04 CHAR(24);
no_s_dist_05 CHAR(24);
no_s_dist_06 CHAR(24);
no_s_dist_07 CHAR(24);
no_s_dist_08 CHAR(24);
no_s_dist_09 CHAR(24);
no_s_dist_10 CHAR(24);
no_ol_dist_info CHAR(24);
no_s_data VARCHAR2(50);
x NUMBER;
rbk NUMBER;
not_serializable EXCEPTION;
PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT(not_serializable,-8177);
deadlock EXCEPTION;
PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT(deadlock,-60);
snapshot_too_old EXCEPTION;
PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT(snapshot_too_old,-1555);
integrity_viol EXCEPTION;
PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT(integrity_viol,-1);
BEGIN
--assignment below added due to error in appendixcode
no_o_all_local := 0;
SELECT c_discount, c_last, c_credit, w_tax
INTO no_c_discount, no_c_last, no_c_credit, no_w_tax
FROM customer, warehouse
WHERE warehouse.w_id = no_w_id AND customer.c_w_id =no_w_id AND
customer.c_d_id = no_d_id AND customer.c_id =no_c_id;
UPDATE district SET d_next_o_id = d_next_o_id + 1WHERE d_id = no_d_id AND d_w_id = no_w_id RETURNING d_next_o_id, d_tax INTOno_d_next_o_id, no_d_tax;
o_id := no_d_next_o_id;
INSERT INTO ORDERS (o_id, o_d_id, o_w_id, o_c_id,o_entry_d, o_ol_cnt, o_all_local) VALUES (o_id, no_d_id, no_w_id, no_c_id,timestamp, no_o_ol_cnt, no_o_all_local);
INSERT INTO NEW_ORDER (no_o_id, no_d_id, no_w_id)VALUES (o_id, no_d_id, no_w_id);
--#2.4.1.4
rbk := round(DBMS_RANDOM.value(low => 1, high=> 100));
--#2.4.1.5
FOR loop_counter IN 1 .. no_o_ol_cnt
LOOP
IF ((loop_counter = no_o_ol_cnt) AND (rbk = 1))
THEN
no_ol_i_id := 100001;
ELSE
no_ol_i_id := round(DBMS_RANDOM.value(low => 1,high => 100000));
END IF;
--#2.4.1.5.2
x := round(DBMS_RANDOM.value(low => 1, high =>100));
IF ( x > 1 )
THEN
no_ol_supply_w_id := no_w_id;
ELSE
no_ol_supply_w_id := no_w_id;
--no_all_local is actually used before this point sofollowing not beneficial
no_o_all_local := 0;
WHILE ((no_ol_supply_w_id = no_w_id) AND (no_max_w_id!= 1))
LOOP
no_ol_supply_w_id := round(DBMS_RANDOM.value(low=> 1, high => no_max_w_id));
END LOOP;
END IF;
--#2.4.1.5.3
no_ol_quantity := round(DBMS_RANDOM.value(low =>1, high => 10));
SELECT i_price, i_name, i_data INTO no_i_price,no_i_name, no_i_data
FROM item WHERE i_id = no_ol_i_id;
SELECT s_quantity, s_data, s_dist_01, s_dist_02,s_dist_03, s_dist_04, s_dist_05, s_dist_06, s_dist_07, s_dist_08, s_dist_09,s_dist_10
INTO no_s_quantity, no_s_data, no_s_dist_01,no_s_dist_02, no_s_dist_03, no_s_dist_04, no_s_dist_05, no_s_dist_06,no_s_dist_07, no_s_dist_08, no_s_dist_09, no_s_dist_10 FROM stock WHERE s_i_id= no_ol_i_id AND s_w_id = no_ol_supply_w_id;
IF ( no_s_quantity > no_ol_quantity )
THEN
no_s_quantity := ( no_s_quantity - no_ol_quantity );
ELSE
no_s_quantity := ( no_s_quantity - no_ol_quantity +91 );
END IF;
UPDATE stock SET s_quantity = no_s_quantity
WHERE s_i_id = no_ol_i_id
AND s_w_id = no_ol_supply_w_id;
no_ol_amount := ( no_ol_quantity * no_i_price * ( 1 + no_w_tax + no_d_tax ) * ( 1 -no_c_discount ) );
IF no_d_id = 1
THEN
no_ol_dist_info := no_s_dist_01;
ELSIF no_d_id = 2
THEN
no_ol_dist_info := no_s_dist_02;
ELSIF no_d_id = 3
THEN
no_ol_dist_info := no_s_dist_03;
ELSIF no_d_id = 4
THEN
no_ol_dist_info := no_s_dist_04;
ELSIF no_d_id = 5
THEN
no_ol_dist_info := no_s_dist_05;
ELSIF no_d_id = 6
THEN
no_ol_dist_info := no_s_dist_06;
ELSIF no_d_id = 7
THEN
no_ol_dist_info := no_s_dist_07;
ELSIF no_d_id = 8
THEN
no_ol_dist_info := no_s_dist_08;
ELSIF no_d_id = 9
THEN
no_ol_dist_info := no_s_dist_09;
ELSIF no_d_id = 10
THEN
no_ol_dist_info := no_s_dist_10;
END IF;
INSERT INTO order_line (ol_o_id, ol_d_id, ol_w_id,ol_number, ol_i_id, ol_supply_w_id, ol_quantity, ol_amount, ol_dist_info)
VALUES (o_id, no_d_id, no_w_id, loop_counter,no_ol_i_id, no_ol_supply_w_id, no_ol_quantity, no_ol_amount, no_ol_dist_info);
END LOOP;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN not_serializable OR deadlock OR snapshot_too_oldOR integrity_viol OR no_data_found
THEN
ROLLBACK;
END;
/
3.1过程说明
4. PAYMENT
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE PAYMENT (
p_w_id INTEGER,
p_d_id INTEGER,
p_c_w_id INTEGER,
p_c_d_id INTEGER,
p_c_id INOUT INTEGER,
byname INTEGER,
p_h_amount NUMBER,
p_c_last INOUT VARCHAR2,
p_w_street_1 OUTVARCHAR2,
p_w_street_2 OUTVARCHAR2,
p_w_city OUTVARCHAR2,
p_w_state OUTVARCHAR2,
p_w_zip OUTVARCHAR2,
p_d_street_1 OUTVARCHAR2,
p_d_street_2 OUTVARCHAR2,
p_d_city OUTVARCHAR2,
p_d_state OUTVARCHAR2,
p_d_zip OUTVARCHAR2,
p_c_first OUTVARCHAR2,
p_c_middle OUTVARCHAR2,
p_c_street_1 OUTVARCHAR2,
p_c_street_2 OUTVARCHAR2,
p_c_city OUTVARCHAR2,
p_c_state OUTVARCHAR2,
p_c_zip OUTVARCHAR2,
p_c_phone OUTVARCHAR2,
p_c_since OUTDATE,
p_c_credit INOUT VARCHAR2,
p_c_credit_lim OUTNUMBER,
p_c_discount OUTNUMBER,
p_c_balance INOUT NUMBER,
p_c_data OUTVARCHAR2,
timestamp INDATE )
IS
namecnt INTEGER;
p_d_name VARCHAR2(11);
p_w_name VARCHAR2(11);
p_c_new_data VARCHAR2(500);
h_data VARCHAR2(30);
CURSOR c_byname IS
SELECT c_first, c_middle, c_id,
c_street_1, c_street_2, c_city, c_state, c_zip,
c_phone, c_credit, c_credit_lim,
c_discount, c_balance, c_since
FROM customer
WHERE c_w_id = p_c_w_id AND c_d_id = p_c_d_id ANDc_last = p_c_last
ORDER BY c_first;
not_serializable EXCEPTION;
PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT(not_serializable,-8177);
deadlock EXCEPTION;
PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT(deadlock,-60);
snapshot_too_old EXCEPTION;
PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT(snapshot_too_old,-1555);
BEGIN
UPDATE warehouse SET w_ytd = w_ytd + p_h_amount
WHERE w_id = p_w_id;
SELECT w_street_1, w_street_2, w_city, w_state,w_zip, w_name
INTO p_w_street_1, p_w_street_2, p_w_city, p_w_state,p_w_zip, p_w_name
FROM warehouse
WHERE w_id = p_w_id;
UPDATE district SET d_ytd = d_ytd + p_h_amount
WHERE d_w_id = p_w_id AND d_id = p_d_id;
SELECT d_street_1, d_street_2, d_city, d_state,d_zip, d_name
INTO p_d_street_1, p_d_street_2, p_d_city, p_d_state,p_d_zip, p_d_name
FROM district
WHERE d_w_id = p_w_id AND d_id = p_d_id;
IF ( byname = 1 )
THEN
SELECT count(c_id) INTO namecnt
FROM customer
WHERE c_last = p_c_last AND c_d_id = p_c_d_id ANDc_w_id = p_c_w_id;
OPEN c_byname;
IF ( MOD (namecnt, 2) = 1 )
THEN
namecnt := (namecnt + 1);
END IF;
FOR loop_counter IN 0 .. (namecnt/2)
LOOP
FETCH c_byname
INTO p_c_first, p_c_middle, p_c_id, p_c_street_1,p_c_street_2, p_c_city,
p_c_state, p_c_zip, p_c_phone, p_c_credit,p_c_credit_lim, p_c_discount, p_c_balance, p_c_since;
END LOOP;
CLOSE c_byname;
ELSE
SELECT c_first, c_middle, c_last,
c_street_1, c_street_2, c_city, c_state, c_zip,
c_phone, c_credit, c_credit_lim,
c_discount, c_balance, c_since
INTO p_c_first, p_c_middle, p_c_last,
p_c_street_1, p_c_street_2, p_c_city, p_c_state,p_c_zip,
p_c_phone, p_c_credit, p_c_credit_lim,
p_c_discount, p_c_balance, p_c_since
FROM customer
WHERE c_w_id = p_c_w_id AND c_d_id = p_c_d_id ANDc_id = p_c_id;
END IF;
p_c_balance := ( p_c_balance + p_h_amount );
IF p_c_credit = 'BC'
THEN
SELECT c_dataINTO p_c_data
FROM customer
WHERE c_w_id = p_c_w_id AND c_d_id = p_c_d_id ANDc_id = p_c_id;
-- The following statement in the TPC-C specificationappendix is incorrect
-- copied setting of h_data from later on in theprocedure to here as well
h_data := ( p_w_name || ' ' || p_d_name );
p_c_new_data := (TO_CHAR(p_c_id) || ' ' ||TO_CHAR(p_c_d_id) || ' ' ||
TO_CHAR(p_c_w_id) || ' ' || TO_CHAR(p_d_id) || ' ' ||TO_CHAR(p_w_id) || ' ' || TO_CHAR(p_h_amount,'9999.99') || TO_CHAR(timestamp)|| h_data);
p_c_new_data :=substr(CONCAT(p_c_new_data,p_c_data),1,500-(LENGTH(p_c_new_data)));
UPDATE customer
SET c_balance = p_c_balance, c_data = p_c_new_data
WHERE c_w_id = p_c_w_id AND c_d_id = p_c_d_id AND
c_id = p_c_id;
ELSE
UPDATE customer SET c_balance = p_c_balance
WHERE c_w_id = p_c_w_id AND c_d_id = p_c_d_id AND
c_id = p_c_id;
END IF;
--setting of h_data is here in the TPC-C appendix
h_data := ( p_w_name|| ' ' || p_d_name );
INSERT INTO history (h_c_d_id, h_c_w_id, h_c_id,h_d_id,
h_w_id, h_date, h_amount, h_data)
VALUES (p_c_d_id, p_c_w_id, p_c_id, p_d_id,
p_w_id, timestamp, p_h_amount, h_data);
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN not_serializable OR deadlock OR snapshot_too_old
THEN
ROLLBACK;
END;
/
4.1过程说明
5. DELIVERY
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE DELIVERY (
d_w_id INTEGER,
d_o_carrier_id INTEGER,
timestamp INDATE )
IS
d_no_o_id INTEGER;
d_d_id INTEGER;
d_c_id NUMBER;
d_ol_total NUMBER;
current_ROWID UROWID;
--WHERE CURRENT OF CLAUSE IN SPECIFICATION GAVE VERYPOOR PERFORMANCE
--USED ROWID AS GIVEN IN DOC CDOUG Tricks and Treatsby Shahs Upadhye
CURSOR c_no IS
SELECT no_o_id,ROWID
FROM new_order
WHERE no_d_id = d_d_id AND no_w_id = d_w_id
ORDER BY no_o_id ASC;
not_serializable EXCEPTION;
PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT(not_serializable,-8177);
deadlock EXCEPTION;
PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT(deadlock,-60);
snapshot_too_old EXCEPTION;
PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT(snapshot_too_old,-1555);
BEGIN
FOR loop_counter IN 1 .. 10
LOOP
d_d_id := loop_counter;
open c_no;
FETCH c_no INTO d_no_o_id,current_ROWID;
EXIT WHEN c_no%NOTFOUND;
DELETE FROM new_order WHERE rowid = current_ROWID;
close c_no;
SELECT o_c_id INTO d_c_id FROM orders
WHERE o_id = d_no_o_id AND o_d_id = d_d_id AND
o_w_id = d_w_id;
UPDATE ordersSET o_carrier_id = d_o_carrier_id
WHERE o_id = d_no_o_id AND o_d_id = d_d_id AND
o_w_id = d_w_id;
UPDATE order_line SET ol_delivery_d = timestamp
WHERE ol_o_id = d_no_o_id AND ol_d_id = d_d_id AND
ol_w_id = d_w_id;
SELECT SUM(ol_amount) INTO d_ol_total
FROM order_line
WHERE ol_o_id = d_no_o_id AND ol_d_id = d_d_id
AND ol_w_id = d_w_id;
UPDATE customer SET c_balance = c_balance +d_ol_total
WHERE c_id = d_c_id AND c_d_id = d_d_id AND
c_w_id = d_w_id;
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('D: ' || d_d_id || 'O: ' ||d_no_o_id || 'time ' || timestamp);
END LOOP;
EXCEPTION
WHEN not_serializable OR deadlock OR snapshot_too_old
THEN
ROLLBACK;
END;
/
5.1过程说明
6. OSTAT
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE OSTAT (
os_w_id INTEGER,
os_d_id INTEGER,
os_c_id INOUT INTEGER,
byname INTEGER,
os_c_last INOUT VARCHAR2,
os_c_first OUTVARCHAR2,
os_c_middle OUTVARCHAR2,
os_c_balance OUTNUMBER,
os_o_id OUTINTEGER,
os_entdate OUTDATE,
os_o_carrier_id OUTINTEGER )
IS
TYPE numbertable IS TABLE OF NUMBER INDEX BYBINARY_INTEGER;
os_ol_i_id numbertable;
os_ol_supply_w_id numbertable;
os_ol_quantity numbertable;
TYPE amounttable IS TABLE OF NUMBER(6,2) INDEX BYBINARY_INTEGER;
os_ol_amount amounttable;
TYPE datetable IS TABLE OF DATE INDEX BYBINARY_INTEGER;
os_ol_delivery_d datetable;
namecnt INTEGER;
i BINARY_INTEGER;
CURSOR c_name IS
SELECT c_balance, c_first, c_middle, c_id
FROM customer
WHERE c_last = os_c_last AND c_d_id = os_d_id ANDc_w_id = os_w_id
ORDER BY c_first;
CURSOR c_line IS
SELECT ol_i_id, ol_supply_w_id, ol_quantity,
ol_amount, ol_delivery_d
FROM order_line
WHERE ol_o_id = os_o_id AND ol_d_id = os_d_id ANDol_w_id = os_w_id;
os_c_line c_line%ROWTYPE;
not_serializable EXCEPTION;
PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT(not_serializable,-8177);
deadlock EXCEPTION;
PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT(deadlock,-60);
snapshot_too_old EXCEPTION;
PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT(snapshot_too_old,-1555);
BEGIN
IF ( byname = 1 )
THEN
SELECT count(c_id) INTO namecnt
FROM customer
WHERE c_last = os_c_last AND c_d_id = os_d_id ANDc_w_id = os_w_id;
IF ( MOD (namecnt, 2) = 1 )
THEN
namecnt := (namecnt + 1);
END IF;
OPEN c_name;
FOR loop_counter IN 0 .. (namecnt/2)
LOOP
FETCH c_name
INTO os_c_balance, os_c_first, os_c_middle, os_c_id;
END LOOP;
close c_name;
ELSE
SELECT c_balance, c_first, c_middle, c_last
INTO os_c_balance, os_c_first, os_c_middle, os_c_last
FROM customer
WHERE c_id = os_c_id AND c_d_id = os_d_id AND c_w_id= os_w_id;
END IF;
-- The following statement in the TPC-C specificationappendix is incorrect
-- as it does not include the where clause and doesnot restrict the
-- results set giving an ORA-01422.
-- The statement has been modified in accordance withthe
-- descriptive specification as follows:
-- The row in the ORDER table with matching O_W_ID(equals C_W_ID),
-- O_D_ID (equals C_D_ID), O_C_ID (equals C_ID), andwith the largest
-- existing O_ID, is selected. This is the mostrecent order placed by that
-- customer. O_ID, O_ENTRY_D, and O_CARRIER_ID areretrieved.
BEGIN
SELECT o_id, o_carrier_id, o_entry_d
INTO os_o_id, os_o_carrier_id, os_entdate
FROM
(SELECT o_id, o_carrier_id, o_entry_d
FROM orders where o_d_id = os_d_id AND o_w_id =os_w_id and o_c_id=os_c_id
ORDER BY o_id DESC)
WHERE ROWNUM = 1;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
dbms_output.put_line('No orders for customer');
END;
i := 0;
FOR os_c_line IN c_line
LOOP
os_ol_i_id(i) := os_c_line.ol_i_id;
os_ol_supply_w_id(i) := os_c_line.ol_supply_w_id;
os_ol_quantity(i) := os_c_line.ol_quantity;
os_ol_amount(i) := os_c_line.ol_amount;
os_ol_delivery_d(i) := os_c_line.ol_delivery_d;
i := i+1;
END LOOP;
EXCEPTION WHEN not_serializable OR deadlock ORsnapshot_too_old THEN
ROLLBACK;
END;
/
6.1过程说明
7. SLEV
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE SLEV (
st_w_id INTEGER,
st_d_id INTEGER,
threshold INTEGER)
IS
st_o_id NUMBER;
stock_count INTEGER;
not_serializable EXCEPTION;
PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT(not_serializable,-8177);
deadlock EXCEPTION;
PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT(deadlock,-60);
snapshot_too_old EXCEPTION;
PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT(snapshot_too_old,-1555);
BEGIN
SELECT d_next_o_id INTO st_o_id
FROM district
WHERE d_w_id=st_w_id AND d_id=st_d_id;
SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT (s_i_id)) INTO stock_count
FROM order_line, stock
WHERE ol_w_id = st_w_id AND
ol_d_id = st_d_id AND (ol_o_id < st_o_id) AND
ol_o_id >= (st_o_id - 20) AND s_w_id = st_w_id AND
s_i_id = ol_i_id AND s_quantity < threshold;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN not_serializable OR deadlock OR snapshot_too_old
THEN
ROLLBACK;
END;
/
7.1过程说明
8. 查看过程
tpcc@PDB1> select object_name fromuser_procedures;
OBJECT_NAME
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NEWORD
DELIVERY
OSTAT
SLEV
PAYMENT
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