LeetCode #272 - Closest Binary Search Tree Value II

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题目描述：

Given a non-empty binary search tree and a target value, find k values in the BST that are closest to the target.

Note:

• Given target value is a floating point.

• You may assume k is always valid, that is: k ≤ total nodes.

• You are guaranteed to have only one unique set of k values in the BST that are closest to the target.

Example:

Input: root = [4,2,5,1,3], target = 3.714286, and k = 2

/ \

2 5

/ \

1 3

Output: [4,3]

Follow up:
Assume that the BST is balanced, could you solve it in less than O(n) runtime (where n = total nodes)?

由于是求k个和目标值最接近的数，那么我们可以中序遍历二叉搜索树，这k个数必定是遍历序列中间的一段，那么用队列维护这k个数，每次遍历到一个节点都要和队首元素比较。

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> closestKValues(TreeNode* root, double target, int k) {
        queue<int> q;
        inorder(root,q,target,k);
        vector<int> result;
        while(!q.empty())
        {
            result.push_back(q.front());
            q.pop();
        }
        return result;
    }
    
    void inorder(TreeNode* node, queue<int>& q, double target, int k)
    {
        if(node==NULL) return;
        inorder(node->left,q,target,k);
        if(q.size()<k) q.push(node->val);
        else
        {
            if(abs((double)node->val-target)<abs((double)q.front()-target))
            {
                q.pop();
                q.push(node->val);
            }
        }
        inorder(node->right,q,target,k);
    }
};

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